بررسی شرایط کارآفرینی و اشتغال زایی فارغ التحصیلان رشته هنر و صنایع فلز دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز
آرشیو
چکیده
بیان مساله: رشته هنراسلامی و گرایش های آن به عنوان یک رشته مستقل در دانشگاه ها تدریس می شود، با این حال گاهی اوقات دانشجویان بعد از فارغ التحصیل شدن، در رشته های غیرمرتبط با رشته تحصیلی خود وارد بازار کار می شوند. از منظر فعالان حوزه اقتصاد، صنایع دستی قابلیت آن را دارد که در قالب کارآفرینی و ایجاد اشتغال به عنوان منبع درآمدزا، انتخاب شود و حتی به عنوان صادرات غیرنفتی ارزآوری داشته باشد. هدف: هدف در این پژوهش بررسی شرایط شغلی فارغ التحصیلان هنراسلامی (هنر و صنایع فلز)، شناخت موانع و محرک های فارغ التحصیلان برای ورود به بازار و شناسایی راهکارهای ارتقای وضعیت شغلی آنان در این حوزه است. سوالات تحقیق: شرایط شغلی دانشجویان بعد از فراغت از تحصیل چگونه است؟ موانع شغلی و محرک های آنان در بازار صنایع دستی و هنراسلامی کدامند؟ چه شاخه های رشته تخصصی صنایع دستی و هنراسلامی بیشتر مورد استقبال قرار گرفته است؟ روش تحقیق: تحقیق حاضر از نوع مطالعات کمی و کیفی است که از لحاظ هدف می توان آن را جزء پژوهش های کاربردی به حساب آورد. از لحاظ گردآوری داده ها نیز از نوع پژوهش های توصیفی_ پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را فارغ التحصیلان رشته هنر اسلامی (هنر و صنایع فلز) دانشگاه هنراسلامی تبریز تشکیل می دهند. نتیجه تحقیق: یافته ها نشان می دهد بیشتر دانشجویان بعد از فراغت از تحصیل وارد بازار کار می شوند که بسته به فعالیت های فردی و شرایط ارائه و فروش آثار درآمدهای متغیری دارند. موانع شغلی در این رشته دو دسته اند: دسته اول مربوط به فعالیت های هنرمند است که می تواند آن را بهبود بخشد و دسته دوم از اختیار آنان خارج است و شرایط اقتصادی بازار و جامعه در آن دخیل هستند. واژگان کلیدی: کارآفرینی، هنراسلامی، هنر و صنایع فلز، اشتغال زایی، صنایع دستی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریزIdentifying the conditions of entrepreneurship and job creation for graduates of arts and metal work of Tabriz Islamic Art University
Statement of Problem: One person can achieve many successes by entering the world of handicrafts with creativity and perseverance. Handicrafts always provide a part of the needs of the society and the society reciprocally supports this beauty and originality. In the same way, artists can present their products to the audience according to this need. Perseverance, patience and creativity among students and artists in the field of handicrafts and other related fields are the prerequisites for success. Time must pass before the artist and his works that express his mind can be trusted and loved in society. At the beginning of the path, artists who are just beginning to work in this field may have hesitated and regretted that they had entered this field. A person who has just entered the field of handicrafts, by upgrading the level of his ability and knowledge, can identify the needs of the people of the society and present the needs of his products to the audience accordingly. The field of Islamic art and its tendencies is taught as an independent field in universities, however, sometimes students enter the labor market in fields unrelated to their field of study after graduation. From the perspective of economic activists, handicrafts have the potential to be selected in the form of entrepreneurship and job creation as a source of income, and even as a non-oil export currency. Objective: Choosing Islamic arts or crafts as a university discipline for students may have ambiguities and fears. Career future after graduation will be their most important concern. Perhaps even because of these fears, students have abandoned the path of handicrafts and are looking for administrative and government jobs that are not related to their interests. This study examines the activity of graduates in the field of arts and metal work, hoping that the collected materials will be useful for students and those who are eager to start their work in this field. So The purpose of this study is to investigate the working conditions of Islamic Art graduates (arts and metalwork), identify barriers and incentives for graduates to enter the market and identify strategies to improve their employment status in this field. Research questions: What are the working conditions of students after graduation? What are the job barriers and their stimuli in the market of Islamic arts and handicrafts? What branches of Islamic arts and handicrafts are most welcomed? Research Method: This research is of a developmental type in terms of applied purpose. In terms of nature and method, it is a descriptive-analytical research of survey type. In terms of how to collect information, this research is a survey. In addition to using library methods, field methods such as questionnaires have been used, where sampling has been done voluntarily. The statistical population of this study includes; 128 undergraduate and graduate students of Islamic Arts major in metal arts of Tabriz Islamic Art University. In this study, 42 students answered the questionnaire and the rest of the graduates did not show any desire to answer due to sending the questionnaire. Findings: Entrepreneurship is widely recognized as a vital element of success in today's society due to its significant contribution to economic growth, job creation and technological advances. The importance of entrepreneurship and its key role in the development of societies, has caused most universities in developed and developing countries to consider its use and in this direction through the formulation of policies And scientific programs and applied strategies to develop and strengthen the culture, spirit and entrepreneurial behavior among members of society in general and students and academics in particular. In this research, the economic and entrepreneurial conditions of the graduates of a branch of Islamic art called art and metal industries have been analyzed. Undergraduate students of Islamic art (metal) with four years and graduates of master with two years of teaching experience can find acceptable experiences in this field. Graduates' career motivations and barriers can be divided into two groups. The first group is at the disposal of the artist, who can improve it and facilitate business conditions in this field. The second group is beyond the artist's control, and the market conditions and the economic situation of the society and the support of the government can restore and facilitate it. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Islamic Art, Art and Metal work, Employment, Handicrafts, Tabriz Islamic Art University.
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