Gray Infrastructure

Ecological cities seek to create a sustainable balance between human activities and the environment. Based on the objective, this is applied-developmental research. In the qualitative section, grounded theory and MAXQDA software were used for qualitative data analysis. Interpretive-structural modeling and a structural self-interaction matrix were used to provide the initial model. In the quantitative analysis section, the partial least squares technique, structural equation modeling with PLS software, was used. The location and case study are the city of Qazvin. The characteristics and dimensions related to the ecological city in the community, geographical dimension, physical boundary, and sphere of influence with eco-urban dimensions have been studied and analyzed. The results seek to raise awareness and assist in generalizing to similar societies and expanding its application. The statistical population in the qualitative section includes experts, university professors, and urban management specialists. The sampling method combines two methods: purposive non-probability sampling and theoretical sampling. The questionnaire includes 15 main factors and 60 items. Using the power analysis rule at a 95% confidence level, with an effect size of 0.15 and a statistical power of 80%, the minimum sample size was estimated to be 145 people. For greater certainty, 150 questionnaires were collected. The relationships of the constructs affecting the model were investigated and identified. After identifying the sequence of constructs, they were classified in the MICMAC diagram based on the power of influence and the degree of dependence.