physical performance

Background: flatfoot is a common deformity characterized by the midfoot arch collapses during walking. As the midfoot is responsible for shock absorption, persons with flatfoot experience increased risk of injuries Aim: to the purpose of this study was to compare some motor-physical factors, lower extremity performance and stability index in male adolescents 10-12 having structural flat foot with and without insole. Materials and Methods: Subjects who utilized medical insoles for four to six months were selected in access from technical orthopedic in Karaj. After parents got aware of the purpose and conditions participating in research, their height and weight were measured. In the first day, they were assessed by motor-physical factors test (agility, speed, endurance), lower extremity performance (one-leg jump, cross jump, maximum distance access, walking six meters) and stability index wearing insole and on the next day without wearing insole. To analyze data, paired t-test was utilized. Wilcoxson was used respectively for parametric and non-parametric data. Results : According to the paired t-test a significant difference was observed in the 6-meter timed test. Mean difference was slower in wearing insole compared to not wearing insole. Moreover, stability index results showed more stability when not wearing insole which eyes were closed to significant. Conclusion: According to the results, wearing insole in individuals with flat foot, could slow down the walking speed. However, wearing insole may improve stability index when visual input is not in access.

Purpose: Haematological, hormonal, biochemical and physical performance parameters were altered after long-term soccer training in professional soccer players. These alterations can be influenced by different contextual factors such as playing surface, training load, duration of training and competition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the haematological, inflammatory, antioxidant and physical performance of beach soccer players during the competitive season of the beach soccer. Method: The study examined 15 elite beach soccer players in Iranian beach soccer primer league (age 24.64 ± 4.01 y, weight 75.08 ± 8.15 kg, height 181.00 ± 5.17 cm, body mass index 22.76 ± 2.36) from the pre-season, mid-season and end-season. Measurements of haematological, inflammatory, antioxidants indices and aerobic / anaerobic power were repeated in the pre-season, mid-season and end-season. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine indicators change during league season. Results: Significant decrease in SOD (p = 0.001), TAC (p = 0.043) and anaerobic power (p ≤ 0.048) and significant increase in GPx (p = 0.001), ALT (p = 0.022) was observed from pre-season to the end of the season. LDH levels showed a significant increase in the mid-season compared to the pre-season (p = 0.042) and a significant decrease at the end of the season compared to the mid-season(p = 0.014). However, no significant changes were observed in other indices during the competition season(p ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: It is suggested that some physical and physiological fatigue markers ar increase during mid-season. Therefore, beach soccer players may be  monitored  continuously during the competition season in order to be able to provide the best training, nutrition and recovery systems for performance optimization. Coaches may use the interplay between biomarker alterations and physical performance changes to better manage workload and monitor fatigue during beach soccer training and competition.