cognitive factors

Introduction: the role of cognitive, metacognitive and metaemotional factors in psychological distress has been clearly confirmed. The current research study aims to examine a psychological distress model based on intolerance of uncertainty and emotional schemas of cancer patients with the mediating role of metacognitive beliefs and cognitive avoidance. Method: regarding the methodology, the present study relies on correlation and structural equation modeling. The study sample included 300 cancer patients who visited various hospitals in Tehran and completed the questionnaires of uncertainty intolerance, stress, depression and anxiety, emotional schemas, metacognitive beliefs, and cognitive avoidance. Results: findings demonstrated that the proposed model has appropriate fitness among cancer patients. Also, the relationship between mediating variables and endogenous and exogenous variables is significant. The variables under investigation explained 46 percent of psychological distress variance in the patients. Conclusion: Psychological distress in cancer patients is affected by interaction of excessive emotional states, intolerance of uncertainty, such as metacognitive beliefs and emotional schemas.

At the current competitive world, managers of organizations should respect desires of customers and pay specific attention to factors affecting customer’s behavior to provide conditions for better realization of organizational goals and customer’s satisfaction. This study is a descriptive-analytical study and statistical population in this study consists of customers of Southeast Tehran Tejarat Bank Branches. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of social, cognitive and emotional factors on customer’s behavior of Southeast Tehran Tejarat Bank Branches. Sampling is done using two-step cluster sampling method and 300 samples are selected through the list of long-term depositors of bank (N=1400). The data have been collected using questionnaire and using SPSS software have been analyzed and descriptive and inferential statistical methods including Pearson correlation and linear regression. The results obtained from testing research hypotheses show that there is strong and significant relationship between social, cognitive and emotional factors with customer behavior of Southeast Tehran Tejarat Bank Branches. Therefore, it could be mentioned that paying attention to these factors has significant effect on supplying better services and gaining customer’s satisfaction.

In a world with multifarious sources of disarray, learners must be equipped with many literacies to handle their learning challenges. As a macroliteracy, attentional literacy refers to the learners’ awareness of maintaining their attention on the information from the self, others, and the environment without being judgmental toward differing viewpoints and contexts. Assuming attention as not purely cognitive but social, cultural, affective, and technological, the researchers could not find any theoretical model underpinning different dimensions of attentional literacy in the literature. This study aims to develop a conceptual model of attentional literacy for English language learners. Using a Fuzzy Delphi Method, we surveyed the related literature to identify the factors of attentional literacy. We proposed an initial model with six factors and a list of measures which, after preliminary proofreading and piloting, was administered to a group of 20 experts in two rounds. The results of Fuzzy Delphi led to the conceptualization of a new attentional literacy model comprising two dimensions (internal and external), five factors (cognitive, socio-emotional, environmental, technological, and pedagogical), and 40 measures. The findings cast light on the theoretical foundations of attentional literacy and elucidate the dimensions, factors, and measures for language learners. Pedagogical contributions are discussed for researchers in language education.