Divorce Applicants

This study aimed to evaluate causal explanation of the relationship between emotional expression and marital maladjustment based on the mediating role of empathy in divorce stage couples. This research conducted through a descriptive method and the study design was correlation in the form of path analysis. The statistical population consisted all couples applied for divorce (aged 30-50) who referred to the counseling centers of the Judiciary in Tehran during2020-2021. The sample size determined 396 cases and selected through convenience sampling method. In order to collect the information, standard questionnaires of marital maladjustment, couple empathy, and emotional expression were used. Data's analyzed in the SPSS 21 and AMOS 24 software's. Data analysis showed the model fit of emotional expression relationship with marital maladjustment by mediated role of couple's empathy. The model explained about 34% of the variance of marital maladjustment in divorce applicants. Based on these findings, it can be said that the relationship between marital maladjustment and emotional expression is not a direct relationship and factors such as marital empathy can strengthen or weaken this relationship, so in trainings related to emotional expression, it is suggested to consider these variables.

Objective: The level of marital satisfaction of couples, along with other factors, can play a key role in their tendency towards divorce, so it is necessary to perform psychological interventions to increase marital satisfaction and prevent divorce. Based on this, the present research was conducted to compare the effectiveness of the marital life enrichment program based on the enrich model and the time model on marital satisfaction in couples applying for divorce. Methods: The research method was a semi-experimental pre-test and post-test with a control group and a 3-month follow-up. The statistical population included couples applying for divorce who came from the Modares Family Counseling Center in the first six months of 2022 in Tehran city. 45 couples were selected by the purposeful sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental groups and one control group (15 couples in each group). The measurement tool included Enriching and Nurturing Relationship Issues, Communicating and Happiness by Fowers and Olson, 2000. For data analysis, mixed variance analysis with repeated measurements and Bonferroni follow-up test were used in SPSS-25 software. Results: The findings showed that the intervention based on the Enrich and Time model was effective in increasing couples' marital satisfaction, but this influence was not lasting. In addition, the results show no significant difference between the characteristics of Enrich and Time models on the marital satisfaction of couples. Conclusion: According to the research results, it is suggested that couples and family counselors and psychologists use Enrich and Time to increase the satisfaction of couples with differences.