Quality of Accruals

In this research, the relationship between accruals quality and bankruptcy of companies has been studied. According to Dechow et al.'s (1995) model, the quality of accruals was measured, and according to the Shirata model (1998), bankruptcy was examined. Operations were considered as the control variables. The research hypothesis was tested using a multivariate regression model and a combined data method. The study's statistical sample consists of 197 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2011 to 2019. The results showed a significant and negative relationship between the quality of accruals and bankruptcy of the companies. It means that in bankruptcy, the use of earnings management through optional accruals reduces the quality of accruals. The results indicate that size, return on assets, and audit quality all significantly impact the quality of accruals. Besides, the leverage, life, and operating cash flow have a significant and negative effect on accruals' quality. However, the ratio of market value to book value does not significantly affect the quality of accruals.

The main role of financial reporting in capital markets is to provide the necessary conditions for the optimal allocation of resources and making correct and timely decisions. Achieving this goal is possible if the financial statements are consistent with economic realities or even have the slightest deviation from economic performance. However, over the past few decades, fraud detected in corporate financial reporting has increased the risk of financial reporting. Therefore, the current paper aims at investigating the impact of internal control weaknesses on financial reporting risk in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In order to achieve the purpose of the research, using the method of systematic elimination of information related to 143 companies among the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period from 2009 to 2019 was collected. A multivariate regression model based on composite data was used to test the research hypothesis. The research findings show the significant positive impact of internal control weaknesses on financial reporting risk. The results indicate that reducing the weaknesses of internal control can reduce the risk of financial reporting and reduce information asymmetry and consequently improve accountability processes.