Julia Kristeva

Pour Julia Kristeva la raison principale de la dépression est la perte de l’Objet. La première expérience d’un nouveau-né dans ce monde est la perte de l’union avec sa mère, une expérience inévitable pour continuer la vie. Cette expérience va marquer l’imagination du futur sujet et se manifestera dans ses mots. Dans Le Soleil Noir, dépression et mélancolie, Kristeva explique comment étant déshérité d’un objet de valeur, le mélancolique cherche un moyen de communication et malgré sa grande méfiance à l’égard du langage pour dire le sens de ses sensations pré-signé, il l’utilise pour se libérer de la tristesse. Ces sensations vont émerger des rythmes, des sons et des formes de son discours. Ainsi deviennent la sémiotique et le symbolique des outils grâce auxquels on peut déchiffrer le sens du discours des mélancoliques. Cet article envisage de mettre en évidence les dimensions sémiotique, symbolique et biophysiologique de la dépression dans le Moderato Cantabile de Marguerite Duras afin de répondre à cette question primordiale, innée dans la trame de son intrigue: comment la protagoniste, et avec elle la romancière, réussissent-elles à se libérer de la dépression et à assumer leur nouvelle identité hybride de la mère et de la femme indépendante.

The present paper analyzes Jorie Graham’s “Sea Change”, the eponymous poem of her 2008 poetry collection, through Julia Kristeva’s theories on semiotic and the abject. By tracing the historical attitudes towards embodiment, this research attempts to examine Graham’s outlook towards the mind/body and by extension nature/culture dichotomies in her poetry. The previous studies on the Sea Change collection have mostly focused on Graham’s formal structures and ecological concerns; no other research has used Kristeva’s theories to examine the importance of one’s embodied experience of the world in her poetry to reveal how negative attitudes towards the body lead to a fractured existence for the human subject. Graham’s poetic language addresses the neglect to which the semiotic has been subjected, redefines the body in terms that are not abject and opens up a safe cultural space for it. Her poetry illuminates how mystification and degradation of the body have a positive correlation with oppression of the nature, as concepts belonging to similar dichotomous lines of thought, and highlights the call for a re-evaluation of the attitudes towards the human subject’s existence in the world.

The fusion of the Islamic-centered Qur'anic culture and Iranian-based wisdom culture in ancient Persian literary texts is a blessed and unquestionable event in the field of Islamic Iranian culture. However, some people try to unilaterally manage the sources that influence Persian literature and the suspicion of the alienation of the literary heritage from the Holy Qur'an by promoting pre-Islamic Iranian sources.In the meantime, many Persian writers have benefited from Quranic elements in order to explain their thoughts and artistic creations. Qaboosnameh also did not neglect this importance, and by purposefully using the miracle of Khatam, Sanratul-Maali has displayed the element of education with rare eloquence and eloquence. Examining the background of the place of religion in the realm of Hakim and Hakim al-Ziyar's decree requires extensive research.Knowing about the intertextual scope of Qaboosnameh and the Holy Quran, by describing and analyzing the forty-four chapters of this advice book, Ferraro's library research has explored the influence of Qaboosnameh on Quranic themes based on the model of Julia Kristeva as the founder of the modern intertextuality theory. The findings of the research show that Qabusnameh, in addition to being influenced by the wisdom of Iranians and sources such as Azarbad Marspandan's instructions, Anoushirvan's Pandnameh and Bushkur Balkhi's poems, has also benefited from the system of Islamic knowledge centered on the word of revelation.A usage that is sometimes obvious and carries the sign of Quranic verses, and sometimes requires careful reading and reflection to know the Quranic source.