E-banking

Development of e-banking has empirically modified the structure and characters of banks’ performance, efficiency, risk and challenges which have also been articulately recognized based on the international best practices. E-banking brazenly accelerates and restructures financial transactions via enhancing technology and expanding the banking services in comparison with conventional banking. Accordingly, online access to the banks’ products, financial statements, payment services and even credit scoring has considerably improved banks-customers relationships in the context of lending and borrowing practice, deposit composition, investment opportunities, trade finance options as well as account management diversification. The impact of recent e-banking developments is statistically evaluated for Iran’s banking network via Dynamic Panel Data approach. The findings highlight that the ratio of ATMs and Electronic Cards transactions to banks' assets negatively-significantly influence the profitability due to higher substitution ratio with the other payment instruments and maintenance cost. The ratio of online branch transactions to the banks' assets negatively-insignificantly affects the profitability owing to the rapid increase in the NPLs and loan/loss expenses which has consequently shrunk Shared Revenues over the past 10 years. SWIFT-branches have positively-significantly enhanced the banks internal-secured cash flow while contemporaneously improves fund efficiency, banks’ services fees, and ultimately profit margin.

Mobile banking is one of the modern banking channels that has developed in recent years, and its application has stood the test of recent time, proving to be quite advantageous to both banks and customers. However, although a noticeable number of people have refused to use it, this study, while being an affirmative one, attempts to identify trust factors (of people) in mobile banking and explain the key role of trust in making mobile banking widely acceptable. In this research, which is an applied-descriptive one, the required samples were selected through questionnaires and distributed randomly among people living in Tehran, Iran. Out of all 2350 questionnaires, 2087 formed the volume of research sample. To analyze the data and test the assumption, SPSS software was used; in addition, PLS software was used to measure Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Based on the results, compared to women, men had more trust in mobile banking. Further, certain factors, such as education level, field of study corresponding to Information Technology (IT) field, job and its characteristics, social influence, innovation, and knowledge, had positive effect on trust; on the contrary, factors such as age and risk perception had negative effect on trust .