Iranian Journal of Learning and Memory

This article aimed to study the effect of social problem solving skills training on the educational resilience of children in labour. The statistical population of the study included all the girls in labour, aged 12 to 18 years old, who were supported by the educational charity centres and associations in Tehran in the academic year of 2018-2019. The sample body consisted of 30 individuals from the population, who scored the lowest grades in the educational resilience questionnaire. They were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. To measure the educational resilience, the educational resilience questionnaire (Samuels, 2004) was used. The study was of quasi-experimental nature with pre-test, post-test and the control group. The experimental group was trained for 8 sessions to learn the social problem solving based on Dizurilla’s and Goldfried model. Post-test was conducted for both groups. To examine the effect of problem solving training on the educational resilience, the Multivariate Covariance Analysis was performed. The results showed that the social problem solving training affects the learners’ problem-based bias and providence.

The current study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of Pygmalion effect-based education of teachers on the students’ self-efficacy and academic engagement. The study is quasi-experimental (pretest-posttest with control group). The statistical population of this study includes all students of first and second grades of high schools in Semnan in 2018-2019Thirty students were selected through multi-level cluster sampling method and after filling the written consent out, they answered General Sherer Self-efficacy questionnaire as well as Academic Engagement Questionnaire of Schaufeli et al. The experimental intervention (education based on Pygmalion effect) was only implemented for the teachers of the experimental group during 10 sessions of 60 minutes. After finishing the educational program, both groups took posttest. The obtained results of data analysis, using covariance analysis, showed that education based on Pygmalion effect for teachers affect students’ self-efficacy as well as their academic engagement. It can be concluded that teaching Pygmalion effect-basedto teachers training session could lead to more self-efficient and academically engaged generation. 

The purpose of the present study was to apply the Multilevel Structural Equations Modeling (MSEM) in order to investigate the effect of teachers’ and student’ goal-orientation as well as help-seeking on the 7th grade students’ math performance. For this purpose, 550 seventh grade learners selected by two-stage cluster-sampling method completed Megli et al.’s (2000) Goal-orientation Questionnaire, as well as Rian and Pontrich's (1997) help-seeking Questionnaire. Also, teachers responded to Butler’s (2007) questions about goal-orientation. Data were analyzed using Multilevel Structural Equations Modeling. The results showed that goal-orientation had a significant direct effect on academic performance of individuals and the whole class, and the effect of help-seeking on their academic performance was significant as well. Findings also showed a positive and significant relationship between Mastery Goals and Mathematical Performance, and a negative and significant relationship between the Goals of Tendency toward Performance and Avoidance of Performance with students' Mathematical Performance. Also, considering the teacher's orientation, it was disclosed that there is a direct positive relationship between the Mastery Goal and the Functionalism with the Educational Mastery Functions, and between the Function Escaping Goal and Work Avoidance with Functional Teaching Methods. Moreover, teachers with Mastering Goals had positive perceptions of helping out when needed, and teachers who had Functional Goals concerned with the rote learning of assignments The fit for Multilevel Structural Equations Model evaluated as fair enough and students' Goal-orientation explained 22% of Performance Variance while this amount was 28 % for Teachers’ Goal-orientation.

  The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediation role of study habits in the relationship between progressive motivation and self-regulated learning in first-grade students. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study included all the high school students in the second district of Kerman consisting of 3900 students in the academic year of 2018. According to the Morgan table, 350 students selected through stratified random sampling methods were selected as the sample. To collect the data, Buffard et al. (1994) self-regulation questionnaire, as well as Kazemi's Educational Achievement Motivation (2007) and Pulessani and Sharma (1989) study habit questionnaires were used. According to the results of the study, there is a significant relationship between progressive motivation and self-regulation (p <0.05); a significant relationship between the developmental motivation and the study habits (p <0.05); and between the study habits and the self- regulation (p <0.05). Also, it was found that study habits have a mediator role in the relationship between progress and self-regulation (p <0.05).

The general aim of the present research was to identify and prioritize the components of blended learning in elementary schools. This mixed-method research is of sequential exploratory type. In the qualitative stage, the content analysis method was used while in the quantitative stage, the descriptive survey was applied. Participants of the qualitative part were professors of educational sciences, fifteen of whom were selected for interview in a targeted manner. In vivo, coding was used for data analysis. Finally over 150 indicators and 6 main components (1- tools, 2- contents, 3- teaching method, 4-design, 5-evaluation, and 6- learning theories) were achieved. The research community of the quantitative part included all headmasters and head teachers, experts, and teachers of elementary schools in west Islamabad, in 2017-2018 academic year. Out of 650 individuals, 242 individual were selected through a stratified random sampling method with Morgan table. A questionnaire was designed and distributed based on the findings whose face validity was confirmed by the professors with the reliability of 0.87.  For descriptive analysis, the central and dispersion parameters were used, and for inferential analysis, the Smirnov test, Friedman test were applied using SPSS & LISREL. In addition to confirming and explaining the components, the findings showed that the internal correlation between the six components of the blended learning education is positive and meaningful, meaning that the application and promotion of each component in a combination allows the application, enhancement and strengthening of the other components.

The initial proposed the Community of Inquiry (COI) framework suggests that social presence, teaching presence, and cognitive presence are essential dimensions to promote successful learning experiences in higher education blended learning environments as educational model of the community of inquiry and its dimensions help educators to apply the findings of the research in practice.  The objective of this quantitative study was to explore the relationship between three dimensions of community of inquiry and perceived learning among higher education students in a blended learning environment of Malaysian university. Descriptive method was the nature of this study. 150 blended learning higher education students were chosen through convenience sampling and surveyed. Two questionnaires were used to test the degree of students’ perceived learning and the components of the community of inquiry model. The results of the study showed that there is statistically significant relationship between three dimension of community of inquiry and perceived learning. Moreover, the cognitive component is more predictive of the students’ perceived learning.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cognitive-behavioral training based on self-esteem on social adjustment and educational achievement motivation of first-grade high school female students in Ashkezar. The design of this experimental study was pretest-posttest with control group. The participants included  30 high school female students in Ashkezar selected via cluster random sampling method who were divided randomly into two groups (experimental and control). The instruments used in this study were Bel (1961) Social Adjustment Scale and Academic Motivation Scale (AMS). Cognitive-behavioral training based on self-esteem included 8 sessions for the experimental group. MANCOVA was used to analyze the data. The result of this study showed that Cognitive-Behavioral Training Based on Self-Esteem increases social adjustment and achievement motivation of high school students in the experimental group in comparison  with the control Group (p<0/05). So, the result of this study indicated that cognitive-behavioral training based on self-esteem is an important intervention to increase social development and psychological health of students.