احمدرضا کابلی

The oil industry in the modern era has played a pivotal role in population growth, industrialization, and the formation of modern cities, particularly in Iran's Khuzestan province. Beyond their industrial function, oil wells have had a profound impact on urbanization, architecture, and lifestyles in Masjid I Sulaiman, serving as significant symbols. The physical development of this city accelerated with the construction of residential complexes for oil industry workers and industrial infrastructure, leading to a redefinition of Masjid I Sulaiman's urban identity at the intersection of tradition and modernity—an identity that distinguishes the city. This study examines the impact of British colonial presence and oil industry activities on the development of villa-style housing in Masjid I Sulaiman, intending to analyze the formation of this housing type under these influences. Previous studies have focused on the economic and social impacts of the oil industry; however, the effects of oil wells on spatial and architectural patterns in oil cities, such as Masjid I Sulaiman, have been underexplored. This research analyzes the role of industrial elements in shaping residential patterns by examining spatial and architectural aspects. Employing a qualitative approach, the study uses hermeneutic phenomenology and space syntax to analyze the cultural and spatial dimensions of villa-style housing. The space syntax analysis reveals that the courtyards of Bagh-e Melli and G-Type, with high integration, enhance social interactions, while Scotch Crescent, with greater spatial depth, indicates class segregation. The hermeneutic analysis portrays bungalows as multilayered texts that represent social, cultural, and economic meanings, highlighting their architectural heritage.

Important subjects in architecture is the design of buildings according to their contexts. This context can include his torical, physical, cultural- social, or climate aspects. Abadan is a city that its basic s tructure has been formed in the Pahlavi era. This city has been attracted to the local architecture in this period. Also, it has been influenced by the modern s tyle. The method of this research is applied and a survey one with an emphasis on the ques tionnaire. The main purpose of the present s tudy is to es timate the relationship between culture and identity factors of the contextual architecture of three important buildings of the Pahlavi era such as oil cinema(Taj), oil indus try college, national bank building in Abadan, and modern architecture of Europe. The research data has been gathered according to the ques tionnaire. Cronbach has been used to get the validity of the research. The number and the type of sampling are through the snowball method. SPSS, K.S, and the single tes t have been used for the research analysis in the present s tudy. The research results show that the amount of tes t level in all cases is less than 0/05. Therefore, the normal trend of data has been rejected. Moreover, there is no relationship between the building indicator with 3.87 and level of 0/000 and the plan indicator with 3.82 and the level of 0/000 in the aforementioned buildings. In this case, the use of the indicators of building and plan in the architecture of the Pahlavi era in comparison to European modernism has been less important.