مدل تجربی سنجش فاکتورهای فیزیکی و غیر فیزیکی آسایش حرارتی در فضاهای واسط ساختمان های آموزش عالی شهر اصفهان) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
این پژوهش با یک مدل تجربی مرتبط با مطالعات آسایش حرارتی در فضاهای واسط بسته آموزشی، اهمیت هر یک از معیارهای آن ها را ازنظر ارجحیت و اهمیت موردبررسی قرار می دهد. روش تحقیق در گام نخست توصیفی-تحلیلی، با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه ای است. لذا، ابتدا به وسیله توزیع پرسشنامه و با استفاده از رتبه بندی ابعاد و معیارها، از روش رفت و برگشتی دلفی، اجزای مدل تدقیق شده و یک مدل تجربی سلسله مراتبی که متشکل از سه بخش است، تنظیم شد. سپس از طریق تحلیل سلسله مراتبی، رتبه بندی ابعاد و معیارهای موجود در مدل تجربی پرداخته شده و وزن هرکدام از معیارهای این مدل در مقایسه با سایر معیارهای هم سطح خود به کمک نرم افزار اکسپرت چویس ،ارزش گذاری شد. نتایج نشان می دهد وزن عوامل فیزیکی، به طورکلی بیشتر از سایر عوامل و وزن عوامل غیر فیزیکی- روانی و فردی کمتر از سایر عوامل است. در بین عوامل فیزیکی، دمای هوا دارای بیشترین وزن و سرعت جریان هوا دارای کمترین وزن است. وزن عوامل فیزیکی نیز نشان می دهد که وزن عامل «جهت کلی ساختمان نسبت به خورشید» در ادراک آسایش حرارتی در فضاهای بسته بیشتر از بقیه و وزن «رنگ دیوارهای داخلی» و «ارتفاع فضاها» کمتر از بقیه و قابل چشم پوشی است. وزن عوامل فردی و روانی نشان می دهد که وزن همه عوامل آن مانند ویژگی های فیزیولوژیکی و سازگاری های جسمی و روانی یکسان است و وزن رفتارهای غیر واکنشی سنگین تر از بقیه است. همچنین، داده های فیزیکی با استفاده از سنجش عوامل اقلیمی به وسیله دیتالاگرها موردسنجش قرار گرفت و ارتباط این عوامل بااحساس آسایش حرارتی افراد با استفاده از پرسشنامه ارزیابی شد. نتایج این اعتبارسنجی، مدل تجربی سلسله مراتبی را تائید نمود.Experiential Model for Assessing Physical and Non-Physical Factors of Thermal Comfort in Interface Spaces of Higher Education Buildings in the City of Isfahan
The standard temperature currently used to control closed interface spaces is the same as the main indoor environments, despite the fundamental differences in use, covering of people, residence time of people, and user needs. Currently, there is no thermal comfort standard for these interface spaces, and little research related to these spaces has been done in recent years. In these closed interface spaces, there is a high potential to save energy and improve the quality of the indoor environment. As a result, the present research was formed to evaluate and prioritize the effect of physical and non-physical criteria and sub-criteria on thermal comfort in closed interface spaces in hot and dry climate academic spaces. The evaluation of these factors was done first by collecting previous studies and library research, and then using the Delphi round-trip method, it was verified by questionnaires and interviews, and presented by the experimental model. Then, the results of the questionnaires and interviews, by Expert Choice software were weighted and prioritized. Based on the obtained results, the factors affecting thermal comfort in closed intermediate spaces are climatic, physical, and psycho-personal, respectively. Also, each of the sub-criteria of these main factors was prioritized and weighted precisely. The results of this research can be generalized in higher education spaces in hot and dry climates and be used and considered for future constructions. This research delves into the intricate realm of thermal comfort within enclosed educational spaces, exploring the nuanced significance and prioritization of diverse criteria. Employing a comprehensive descriptive-analytical methodology, the study initiates with the Delphi method, delineating the refined model into a three-section hierarchical experiential model. Through meticulous hierarchy analysis, dimensions and criteria undergo ranking, and weights are judiciously assigned using the Expert Choice software. The results underscore the predominant influence of physical factors, notably air temperature, over non-physical, psychological, and individual aspects. Within the physical realm, air temperature holds the utmost weight, while air velocity assumes the lowest. These weightings underscore the pronounced impact of factors like the "overall building orientation to the sun" on thermal comfort perception, surpassing considerations like the "color of interior walls" and "space height." Moreover, the study validates the hierarchical experiential model by establishing correlations between climatic data measurements and individuals' thermal comfort, meticulously assessed through a questionnaire. This multifaceted exploration yields profound insights into augmenting thermal comfort within educational settings, emphasizing the indispensable role of specific physical factors in shaping occupants' perceptions and overall well-being. As such, this research contributes not only to the theoretical framework of thermal comfort but also offers practical implications for designing educational spaces that prioritize occupants' comfort and satisfaction. From the results of the previous discussions and in general, it can be concluded that only paying attention to one of the factors of thermal comfort cannot be effective in the efficiency and effectiveness of a closed interface space and cannot turn it into a space with multi-purpose use. Paying little attention to any of the factors can cause a large space with high potential for multi-purpose use, such as closed interface spaces in educational buildings, to be used only as a passage space and an organizer of the main spaces, which results in a waste of space. , will be the cost and energy consumption. These spaces have a high potential for collective spaces, coffee shops, and restaurants and use related to educational spaces such as typing and printing centers, the location of computers for student research, open bookshelves, the location of light tables, and drawing tables in related faculties. With design and other related activities, these uses can be considered based on the location of closed interface spaces. The results of this research can help architects and builders to pay more attention to the parameters that have a greater role and a higher priority among other effective factors in the thermal comfort of people, in the stage before designing the space. In future research, similar research can be carried out regarding the visual and acoustic comfort in the space, and based on them, we can act on the topic and design.
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