جایگاه منفعت عمومی در نوسازی بافت های پیراشهری مشهد، خوانشی از چالش های دفاتر تسهیل گری (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
منفعت عمومی مدت هاست به عنوان مفهومی برای توجیه فعالیت برنامه ریزی خصوصا در بافت های پیراشهری استفاده می شود. با این حال، تلاش برای مشخص کردن این مفهوم و سنجش آن می تواند چالش ها را در زمان مداخله، به نفع عموم تغییر دهد. نظرات ذی نفعان مختلف ممکن است تحت تأثیر عواملی مانند ارزش ها، باورها و علایق آن ها متفاوت باشد. این عدم وضوح معنا منجر به سردرگمی و اختلاف نظر در مورد مداخله مناسب برای بازسازی بافت های پیراشهری شده است. این پژوهش با پذیرش ملاحظات پارادایم تفسیرگرا، با روش کیفی و استفاده از استراتژی استفهامی انجام شد. به منظور استخراج چارچوب نظری، از روش مطالعه سیستماتیک مبتنی بر روش فراترکیب ( الگوی ساندوسکی و باروسو)، برای گردآوری داده ها از مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته و تحلیل داده ها از ابزار مکس کیو دی ای استفاده شده است.یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که دفاتر تسهیل گری با موانع قابل توجهی در تحقق منفعت عمومی در چارچوب های عملیاتی خود مواجه شده اند. این موانع مبتنی بر چندین عامل کلیدی است که هرکدام از این عوامل متاثر از عوامل دیگر بود و باهم ارتباط مستقیم و غیر مستقیم دارند که به سه بخش؛ چالش های عملکردی، ساختاری و تخصصی دسته بندی می شوند. در نتیجه می توان بیان نمود که عدم تعریف جایگاه مشخص و معتبر برای دفاتر تسهیل گری در ساختار قدرت و مدیریت به طور قابل توجهی مانع از تحقق مؤثر منفعت عمومی می شود. این وضعیت منجر به کاهش هماهنگی و هم افزایی بین دفاتر و نهادهای بالادستی با سازمان های محلی و جوامع مدنی شده و فقدان هماهنگی در سیستم مدیریتی، موازی کاری، هدررفت منابع و کاهش اثربخشی پروژه های توسعه محلی را به همراه دارد. ریشه عدم تحقق منفعت عمومی از منظر دفاتر تسهیل گری، فهم متکثر از مفهوم منفعت عمومی برای تامین منافع شخصی یا گروه خاص است. این تکثر معنی پیامدهایی منفی بر جنبه های اجتماعی، اقتصادی، مدیریتی و توسعه ای بافت های پیراشهری شهری دارد.The Role Of Public Interest In The Renewal Of Masshad's Peri-Urban Fabric: A Study Of The Challenges Faced By Facilitation Offices
Introduction Urbanization, particularly in peri-urban areas, often leads to unplanned interventions that exacerbate spatial inequalities. The concentration of resources in certain urban locales—shaped by historical settlement patterns and specific geographical, political, or economic contexts—can disrupt the equitable circulation of capital, resulting in imbalanced growth and uneven resource distribution (Ghafoori & Ghalandarian, 2023). This imbalance is further complicated by interdepartmental inconsistencies and a lack of a unified framework among urban managers and specialists regarding intervention terminology. Such fragmentation diminishes the effectiveness of urban initiatives, often leading to resident displacement. The central aim of this study is to explore how public interest can be effectively integrated into the renewal of Mashhad's peri-urban fabric. Public interest is a complex and pivotal concept in urban planning theory and practice, serving as a legitimizing force for spatial and land-use planning and development control (Dadashpoor & Sheydayi, 2022; Alexander, 2002; Maidment, 2016; Lennon, 2016; Foroughifar, Noorian, & Jaberi Moghadam, 2020). When public interest is thoughtfully considered in development measures, community engagement increases, enhancing project acceptability as communities recognize their stake in the outcomes. This involvement fosters organizational and democratic revitalization skills within the community (Johnston, 2017). However, a significant challenge arises from the ambiguity surrounding the definition and rationale of public interest. This lack of clarity can complicate efforts to identify which interventions genuinely serve the public good and who has the authority to make such determinations. Stakeholders, influenced by their values and beliefs, often have divergent opinions on what constitutes public interest. This variability can lead to discrepancies and disagreements regarding the most suitable interventions for the reconstruction of peri-urban fabric (Searle & Legacy, 2021). Moreover, the failure to adequately address public interests in urban development over time can disrupt social order, diminishing the effectiveness of interventions (Kheyroddin, Kamyar, & Dalaei Milan, 2017). Methodology This research adopted an interpretive paradigm and employed qualitative methods with an interrogative strategy. A systematic study based on the meta-synthesis method, following the Sandelowski and Barroso model, was utilized to extract a theoretical framework. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using MAXQDA software. Results and discussion The findings revealed a stark contrast between high-performance and low-performing content within responsible organizations and institutions. A significant issue identified was the excessive dependence on central decisions, which has led to a disconnect between higher institutions and the local community's needs and demands. This disconnection fosters a sense of ignorance regarding local issues, resulting in decreased trust in responsible institutions and increased social tensions. From the community's perspective, this situation is perceived as a neglect of local needs and concerns, often leading to feelings of inattention and rejection. The deficiencies in decision-making and the implementation of local development plans, coupled with a lack of timely awareness of local realities, can have severe negative consequences. Moreover, the absence of integrated policies and mechanisms for managing and developing inefficient tissues contributes to insecurity and uncertainty in the implementation of plans. This creates gaps and incapacities in both decision-making and execution, further eroding public trust in responsible institutions. Structural instability and frequent changes in management institutions were also identified as significant factors contributing to inefficiencies in planning and public confidence. Each change in management structures tends to disrupt planning and implementation processes, often resulting in unmet community needs and expectations. Conclusion Achieving public benefit necessitates a collaborative and interactive process between the community and executive management institutions. Establishing a space where both parties are actively and transparently involved in decision-making and implementation can yield outcomes that address local community needs while considering the goals and limitations of executive institutions. This win-win approach not only enhances citizens' quality of life but also strengthens public trust and mitigates social tensions. The realization of public interest in the redevelopment and regeneration of peri-urban fabrics demands efficient management structures, effective functional practices, and interdisciplinary specializations. The study's findings indicate that, despite ongoing efforts, facilitation offices have struggled to significantly address the deeper layers of public interest due to structural, operational, and specialized constraints. To enhance the efficiency of facilitation offices, reduce inconsistencies, and advance the realization of public interest at a deeper level, recommendations are proposed across three dimensions: structural, functional, and specialized. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.
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