بررسی عشق و روابط حاکم بر آن در «خسرو و شیرین» نظامی و بازنگری انتقادی پیشینۀ پژوهشی آن (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مطالعات پیشرو در حوزه نقد ادبی پیوند نزدیکی با نوع شناخت و تلقی از انسان و نیروهای درونی او پیدا کرده و بیش از هر چیز بر رویکردهای بین رشته ای متمرکز شده است. یکی از این رویکردهای مهم در این میان، دیدگاه رابرت استرنبرگ در تحلیل نظام عشق و روابط حاکم بر آن در دو تئوری «مثلث عشق» و «قصه عشق»، بسط یافته است. حال این پژوهش سعی دارد تا با روشی توصیفی – تحلیلی منظومه عاشقانه «خسرو و شیرین» نظامی گنجوی را بر اساس این دو تئوری بررسی و تحلیل نماید. نتایج این بررسی نشان خواهد داد که در مجموع تمامیروابط عاطفی موجود در این روایت، با مؤلفه شور و اشتیاق آغاز شده و در مؤلفه صمیمت نیز اشتراک دارند؛ اما تفاوت عشق در شیرین و فرهاد با عشق خسرو در مرحله تعهد است. همین اختلاف، الگوی عشق را در شیرین و فرهاد به عشق آرمانی و در خسرو به عشق رمانتیک مبدل خواهد کرد که مقدمات جریان تراژدی را در این اثر غنایی رقم می زند. از سویی، شکل نخستین قصه ها از نوع قصه هنر هستند؛ که در مراحل بعدی، قصه های اعتیاد، کلکسیون و ایثار در این روایت موجودیت خواهند یافت.Investigating love and the relationships governing it in Nizami " Khosrow va Shirin " and critically reviewing its research background.
One of the most important methods of interdisciplinary studies is the reading of literary works with a psychoanalytical approach, which entered the field of literature and art in the 20th century with Freud's innovations and evolved after him with various methods and theories. One of these important approaches is the view of Robert Sternberg - the famous American psychologist - in analyzing the love system as one of the most basic and profound human behaviors and psychological actions. In the theory of "love triangle" and also in the theory of "love story", Sternberg interpreted the life and emotional relationships of each person with another from a new point of view, and after categorizing and analyzing it, he achieved several patterns in understanding love. The results of this study will show that, in general, all the emotional relationships in this narrative started with the component of passion and shared the component of intimacy. But the difference between Shirin and Farhad's love and Khosrow's love is in the stage of commitment. This difference will transform the pattern of love in Shirin and Farhad into ideal love and in Khosrow into romantic love, which sets the stage for the tragedy in this lyrical work. On the other hand, the first form of stories are of the art story type; that in the next stages, the stories of addiction, collection and sacrifice will be found in this narrative. Abstract: Psychoanalytic criticism, Nizami, Sternberg, Khosrow and Shirin. Introduction In the contemporary era, with the importance of finding and highlighting details, subjects and concepts, these movements have been led to specialization and focus on special concepts and specific axes of human emotions, the most important and prominent of which is the subject of "love". It has involved human emotions since prehistoric times. One of the most important theorists in this field, who has devoted his research exclusively to the field of love, is Robert J. Sternberg, who considers the three sides of this feeling to be the components of intimacy, enthusiasm, decision, and commitment in the theory of the love triangle. He then put forward the theory of "love story" that the premise of a love story is that we are interested in being in a relationship with those whose love story is similar to ours and who have a complementary role to us. Because love is a story and only we are the authors of this story. On the other hand, in the context of Persian lyrical literature, Nizami Ganjavi is one of the most important writers who compiled his works with the focus of love, and his Khamsa is indicative of the mastery of this subject, as a central concern and subject in the creation of a literary work. Among his works, the narrative of Khosrow and Shirin is one of the best texts that can be analyzed and interpreted from Sternberg's point of view. Therefore, this research aims to examine the narrative of Khosrow and Shirin Nizami from the two perspectives of Sternberg's "Love Triangle" and "Love Story" and interpret and define the types of love in this narrative. Materials & methods this research tries to analyze and analyze the love poem "Khosro and Shirin" by Nizami Ganjavi based on these two theories with a descriptive-analytical method Discussion A) Passion component: since in Sternberg's theory, the passion component is based on physical motivations and physical aspects, and often "the initial stages of a relationship are mainly characterized by passion, the first component that is found in Khosrow's love for Shirin It is visible, it is the component of passion. This component has its initial appearance when Khosrow Parviz, just by hearing the features of Shirin's appearance from Shapur's language and in the next stage, when Khosrow meets Shirin at the spring, becomes fascinated and enamored with him. This state in the first experience of sweet love, which was started by Shapur and with the representation of a statue of Khosrow, sweet fascination means t
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