بررسی فضاهای باز و نیمه باز در معماری های میان افزای بافت تاریخی بوشهر (مورد مطالعاتی، دانشکده هنر و معماری خلیج فارس درکنار عمارت نوذری) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
دانشکده هنر و معماری دانشگاه خلیج فارس بوشهر، یکی از نمونه معماری هایی است که با هدف میان افزایی و احیای بافت تاریخی این منطقه ایجاد شده است. فضاهای باز و نیمه باز در عمارت های تاریخی بوشهر، از عناصر تأثیرگذار و چشمگیر در معماری این منطقه به شمار می روند؛ بنابراین با بررسی این عناصر در بناها، تا حد زیادی می توان الگوهای معماری این منطقه را مورد بررسی قرار داد. نگارندگان در این تحقیق، با هدف آشنایی با رویکردهای معماری بومی در فضاهای باز و نیمه باز بافت تاریخی بوشهر، به چگونگی حفظ این الگوهایی در معماری و شهرسازی امروزی پرداخته اند. در این راستا این تحقیق به مقایسه ای تطبیقی تفاوت ها و تشابهات در معماری فضا های باز و نیمه باز در نمونه های بومی بافت تاریخی و نمونه الهام گرفته شده از آن می پردازد. تحقیق حاضر به صورت کیفی و به روش توصیفی تحلیلی، ۱۰ نمونه از بناهای شاخص بافت تاریخی بوشهر را با ساختمان میان افزای دانشکده هنر و معماری خلیج فارس، مورد مطالعه قرار داده است. مطالعات اسنادی درراستای تنظیم ادبیات تحقیق، بررسی پیشینه موضوع و مطالعه اولیه پیرامون معماری تاریخی بوشهر، صورت گرفته و مطالعات میدانی با استفاده از مصاحبه و مشاهده در جهت بررسی نمونه های مطالعاتی، به کار گرفته شده است. یافته های تحقیق نشان داد که در طراحی فضا های باز و نیمه باز ساختمان میان افزای دانشکده هنر و معماری، ازنظر عملکردی و هندسی الگوبرداری صحیحی از عمارت های تاریخی بوشهر، صورت گرفته است اما ازنظر برخی ویژگی های ظاهری مانند به کارگیری مواد و مصالح و تناسبات، این الگو برداری یکسان نیستند و شکل و شمایل امروزی تری نسبت به عمارت های تاریخی به خود گرفته است.Investigating Open and Semi-Open Spaces in the Infill Architectures of Bushehr's Historical Context (Case Study: Persian Gulf Faculty of Art and Architecture next to Nozari Building)
Background and Objectives:
The building of the Faculty of Art and Architecture of Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, is an infill design created to revive the historical fabric of this region. Open and semi-open spaces in the historical buildings of Bushehr are influential and impressive elements in the region’s architecture. By examining these elements in the buildings, it is possible to identify the architectural patterns of the region.
This research aims to familiarize oneself with the approaches of native architecture in the open and semi-open spaces of the historical fabric of Bushehr and to discuss how to preserve these patterns in today’s architecture and urban planning. In this regard, this research deals with the comparative comparison of differences and similarities in the architecture of open and semi-open spaces in vernacular examples of the historical fabric and examples inspired by it.
This article not only deals with the physical description of open and semi-open spaces in the architecture of Bushehr’s historical buildings and infill architecture but also tries to analyze and compare each of these spaces. The questions raised in the research are as follows:
What are the differences and similarities in the open and semi-open spaces of Bushehr historical buildings and the new building of the Faculty of Art and Architecture of the Persian Gulf?
In what areas was the building of the Faculty of Art and Architecture able to follow the pattern of open and semi-open spaces of Bushehr’s historical fabric?
Methodes:
The present research was conducted in a qualitative and descriptive-analytical way and studied 10 examples of historic buildings of Bushehr with the intermediate building of the Faculty of Art and Architecture of the Persian Gulf. library studies have been conducted in order to organize the research literature, examine the background of the subject and study the historical architecture of Bushehr, and field studies using interviews and observations have been used to examine the study samples.
Findings:
In general, by examining the historical monuments of Bushehr and the Faculty building, it can be stated that: The designers of the Faculty of Arts and Architecture have followed similar patterns of local architecture of Bushehr’s historical fabric. These patterns are mostly in the functional and geometric part and to some extent in terms of the orientation of open and semi-open spaces. These elements have been able to create a function similar to the spaces of the historical mansion of Bushehr, but in terms of some external features such as the use of materials, proportions, as well as executive details, they have displayed a newer and more modern form of open and semi-open space elements which can be said to be due to the change of use and change of materials and their updating.
Conclusion:
In general, the investigations showed that:
The differences in the open and semi-open spaces of the investigated buildings are mostly related to material components and, in some cases, orientation. The similarities are more related to geometric and functional components.
In terms of following texture patterns, open spaces, in terms of geometry and orientation, and semi-open spaces, in terms of geometry and functionality, have the highest degree of conformity with historical texture patterns.
The results of the investigations more specifically for each of the research components and open and semi-open micro-spaces are as follows:
Open spaces in historical buildings, such as courtyards and eaves, have also been used in the infill building of the Faculty.
This research differs from previous research in the following ways:
It was carried out in the historical fabric of Bushehr, an area where infill architecture has not been studied previously.
This research examined contemporary architecture derived from open and semi-open spaces while examining the patterns of the historical fabric.
Infill Architecture,Open Spaces,Semi-Open Spaces,Faculty of Architecture,Bushehr,
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