بررسی نقش تحولات اجتماعی و سیاسی در رمان «نقره، دختر دریای کابل» اثر حمیرا قادری
آرشیو
چکیده
نویسندگان معاصر افغانستان در آثار داستانی خویش، جلوه هایی از تحولات اجتماعی و سیاسی سرزمین خویش را منعکس کرده اند. ادبیات معاصر افغانستان نمایانگر حقایق تاریخی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی ادوار مختلفی است که با بسیاری از رویدادهای سیاسی و اجتماعی غم انگیز همراه بوده است. اشغال افغانستان توسط بیگانگان، جنگ های داخلی، کودتا، بحران وضعیت اجتماعی و سیاسی و رنج هایی که مردم افغانستان برای دهه های مختلف متحمل شده اند، بسیاری از نویسندگان را بر آن داشته است تا این حوادث را به صورت مستقیم یا غیرمستقیم در آثار داستانی خود مطرح کنند. به عنوان مثال حمیرا قادری، در رمان «نقره، دختر دریای کابل» به سیر تحولات اجتماعی و سیاسی سرزمین افغانستان در بازه زمانی بیش از نیم قرن (فاصله سال های 1880 تا 1940 م) و وقایع و رویدادهای ناشی از آن می پردازد. این مقاله به بررسی و تحلیل تحولات اجتماعی و سیاسی و تأثیرات گوناگون آن بر سرنوشت مردم به خصوص وضعیت زنان در رمان نقره می پردازد، در این رمان زنان نقش محوری دارند و شخصیت های اصلی این رمان را زنان تشکیل می دهند. نتایج حاصله از این پژوهش که به شیوه توصیفی-تحلیلی انجام گرفته، حاکی از آن است که در این رمان وضعیت تأسف بار زنان، جنگ، آشوب، کشت وکشتار، فشار و خفقان، بی عدالتی، فقر اقتصادی، ظلم دستگاه حکومتی وقت، انحصار رسانه های تبلیغاتی و حکومت داری بدون قانون در افغانستان از بارزترین و شاخص ترین نتایج و تأثیرات مستقیم و غیرمستقیم دگرگونی ها و تغییرات اجتماعی و سیاسی محسوب می شود که حیات مردم افغانستان به خصوص زنان را با چالش های جدی مواجه کرده است.Studying the role of social and political developments in the novel "Noghre, dokhtare daryaye kabol" by Homeyra Ghaderi
IntroductionContemporary Afghan writers have reflected aspects of the social and political developments of their land in their fictional works. Contemporary Afghan literature reflects the historical, social, political, and cultural realities of different periods that have been accompanied by many tragic political and social events. The occupation of Afghanistan by foreigners, civil wars, coups, social and political crises, and the suffering that the Afghan people have endured over the decades have prompted many writers to present these events in their fiction. Among these writers is Homeyra Ghaderi, a contemporary Afghan novelist, who in her novel "Silver, Daughter of the Kabul Sea" describes the social and political developments in Afghanistan between 1880 and 1940 and the events that resulted from them in the form of a story. This article examines and analyzes social and political developments and their various effects on the fate of people, especially the status of women, in the novel "Silver". The most important goals of this research are:Familiarity with the ideas, ideals, and concerns of contemporary Afghan novelists.-Familiarity with the political and social history of Afghanistan (in the last hundred years) through the fictional works of this land in order to gain a deeper understanding of the social and cultural developments of this country.- Familiarity with the living conditions of the people of Afghanistan, especially women, and their role in development and social changes through the fictional works of this land. Research methodThe research method in this article is descriptive-analytical. In this research, in addition to a detailed study of the story of Silver, the most important works and sources related to contemporary Afghan storytelling and the history of political and social developments in this land have been collected, the necessary information has been extracted and tabulated, and after classifying the information and data, we have criticized and examined it. DiscussThis story tells the story of the lives of seven women who work in the kitchen of the Royal Citadel, and its main message is the expression of political and social issues and oppression expressed by the main characters. Women rise up against discrimination, oppression, and social injustice to regain their lost rights. The story portrays the modern history of Afghanistan and the suffering of the people of this country, especially the situation of women, whose many false beliefs and superstitions have always been an obstacle to their progress. From the content of the story, we can see that in the last hundred years, we have witnessed the formulation of laws and regulations by the political governments of Afghanistan that have been cruelly imposed on the Afghan people. In many cases, these laws have not only not benefited the people, but have also caused their poverty, misery, and displacement. ConclusionThe novel "The Silver Daughter of the Kabul River" depicts the history of social changes in Afghanistan and a realistic portrayal of this land between 1880 and 1940. This novel has a background of Afghan history and politics, and its symbolic characters are symbols of the entire Afghan nation. The title of the novel suggests that the focus of this novel and its main characters are women, and this novel is narrated through the eyes of a woman, and the important subject of this novel is political and social issues and oppressions expressed through the eyes of women.In this story, we witness the cultural consequences of social change and upheaval in Afghan society, which reveals many truths about customs, lifestyle, dress, and the education system. Overall, social unrest, injustice, economic poverty, migration, and displacement are among the most obvious and significant direct and indirect results and impacts of social and political changes in the last century, which have presented the lives of the people of Afghanistan with serious challenges.
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