راحله برادران

Purpose: It has been well proven that type 2 diabetes is one of the most common non-communicable diseases leading to many complications and mortality every year. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training on FTO and PPAR-y gene expression in muscle tissue of obese diabetic rats. Study design: This experimental study was performed on 12 male Wistar rats (10 weeks old and 220±20 g bodyweight). Methods: Animals received 6 weeks high-fat diet and then in order to induce type 2 diabetes an intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 30 mg/kg freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) (Sigma, USA) solved in citrate buffer (pH 4.5) was performed. Diabetic rats were divided into two (Resistance and control) groups randomly. The resistance program included 6 weeks, 5 sessions per week. The muscle expression of FTO and PPAR-γ was measured using the real-time PCR method. Independent t-test and Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were applied to compare the means. Results: The muscle mRNA expression of PPAR-γ and body weight significantly increased after 6 weeks of resistance training (p=0.031, p=0.037; respectively) but there was no significant change in the muscle mRNA expression of FTO (p=0.317). Also, blood glucose significantly decreased in the training group compared to the control group (p=0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be noted that 6-week resistance training by decreasing glucose levels and increases insulin sensitivity, and the muscle expression of PPAR-γ plays a prominent role in the control and treatment of type 2 diabetes in obese patients.

Purpose: Prediabetes refers to a condition where the level of fasting blood sugar reaches 100- 125 mg/dl. The prediabetes pervasiveness is growing throughout the world. The main objective of the present research is the exploration of the body composition and anthropomorphic differences among prediabetes and normal people for finding the plans for scanning prediabetes and the impact of exercise on it. Method: The present descriptive cross-sectional research conducted on 251 people. The signed informed consents and information of the education, age, exercise etc. gathered. Then, blood glucose tested, and 133 and 118 participants respectively had been chosen for the prediabetes and normal groups. Digital scales, wall stadiometer, tape measure and body composition monitor had been employed to measure anthropomorphic and body composition indices. Results: Total pervasiveness of prediabetes was 52.98% that accounted for 41.03% of the male and 11.95% of the female. Any significant differences didn’t found in the education level, exercise and physical activity between two groups (p>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the age just in the male group (p=0.043). It found that the prediabetic participants experience visceral fat, BMI, WC, and WHR higher than the normal participants (p=0.037, p=0.010, p=0.000, and p=0.002, respectively) just in the female group. Conclusions: It has been concluded that anthropomorphic and body composition have differences between normal and prediabetes participants; therefore, they may be used as the screening programs. Moreover, it has been suggested that prediabetes can be prevented by controlling anthropometric and body composition indices by exercise.