جامعه شناسی ذوق ادبی در مثنوی معنوی مولانا
آرشیو
چکیده
جامعه شناسی ذوق ادبی یکی از شاخه های جامعه شناسی ادبیات است که به بررسی عوامل مختلف و موثر شکل دهی ذوق ادبی در بستر اجتماعی – فرهنگی می پردازد. عوامل مختلفی در شکل گیری ذوق ادبی در هر زمان دخیل هستند و البته این عوامل در دوره های مختلف بنا به مقتضیات زمانه متفاوت بوده است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی جامعه شناسی ذوق ادبی در مثنوی معنوی است و سؤال اصلی پژوهش این است که عوامل اصلی و زمینه ساز ذوق ادبی در مثنوی معنوی کدام اند؟ روش تحقیق در این پژوهش توصیفی – تحلیلی است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که بدون شک در شکل گیری یک اثر ادبی عوامل بی شماری می توانند دخیل باشند که کتاب مثنوی معنوی نیز از این قاعده جدا نیست. در پی حمله مغول به کشور ایران، مردمان این دیار با نوعی یأس و سرشکستگی و پوچی مواجه بودند که راه نجات خود را در پناه بردن به عرفان می دانستند و این وظیفه را متون عرفانی آن دوران به خوبی و صد البته مثنوی معنوی به شکلی ویژه به تمام و کمال انجام داده اند افزون بر روح جمعی زمانه که طالب به وجود آمدن چنین آثاری بوده است، وقایع سیاسی و اجتماعی را نیز در بوجود آوردن این اثر می توان دخیل دانست. همچنین آنچه که بیش از همه می توان از آن به عنوان ویژگی های منحصر به فرد مثنوی معنوی نام برد، خود اثر ادبی، نحوه توجه مولانا به مخاطب یا به بیان دیگر عنصر مخاطب و در آخر شیوه ی منحصر بفرد مولانا در داستان پردازی است.Sociology of literary vertu in Movlanas masnavi
Sociology of literary vertu is one of the branches of sociology of literature that examines the formation and development of literary vertu among people and the factors affecting it. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the sociology of literary vertu in Masnavi Manavi, and the main question of the research is, what are the main and underlying factors of literary vertu in Masnavi Manavi? The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical. The results showed that innumerable factors can be involved in the formation of a literary work, and the Masnavi Manavi book was no exception to this rule. After the Mogul attack on Iran, the people of this country were faced with a kind of despair and emptiness that the only way to save them was to seek refuge in mysticism, and the mystical texts of that time have done this task well and of course, Masnavi Manavi. In addition to the collective spirit of the time, political and social events can also be considered involved in creating this work. Also, what can be mentioned most of all as the unique features of Masnavi Manavi is the literary work itself, the way of paying attention to the audience, or in other words, the element of the audience, and finally, the unique way of telling stories. Key words: Sociology, literary vertu, Masnavi Manavi. Introduction Nowadays, literary sociological theory has been noticed by literary experts as a suitable mechanism for social and cultural knowledge and analysis; Because the fact that "in addition to artistic and aesthetic approaches, literature is an expression of the state of society in significant cases" (Volk and Warren, 1373: 100), is accepted and agreed upon by literature and sociology researchers. In fact, literature does not reflect the process of society; Rather, it is the representative and summary of a period of history; In other words, the poet or writer is influenced by various social stimuli during his lifetime, which is clearly manifested in the literary work. Of course, the inner meaning of this attitude is connected with the contemporary worldview of the artist; Based on this, according to what was mentioned in this brief, the main goal of this research is to investigate the sociology of literary vertu in Masnavi Manavi, and the main question of the research is, what are the main factors and the foundation of literary vertu in Masnavi? Research Methodology The research method is descriptive-analytical. Discuss At any time, various factors are involved in the formation of literary vertu, and of course these factors are different in different periods according to the requirements of the time. This is a literary work that shows what expectations the author was trying to answer in the audience. These factors include the dominant socio-political background of the author's time, social, political, historical conditions, clear vision, the literary (artistic) work itself, the story-telling style and the audience element. conclusion Innumerable factors can be involved in the formation of a literary work, and the Masnavi Manavi book was no exception from this rule. After the Mogul invasion, the people of this land were faced with a kind of despair and emptiness and the only way to save them was to seek refuge in mysticism, and the mystical texts of that time have done this task well and, of course, spiritual masnavis to the fullest. In addition to the collective spirit, political and social events can also be considered involved in creating this work. Also, what can be mentioned most of all as the unique characteristics of Masnavi Manavi is the literary work itself, the way Rumi pays attention to the audience or in other words, the element of the audience, and finally, Rumi's special style in storytelling.