آرشیو

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۴۷

چکیده

در معماری خانه های تاریخی ایرانی، ابعاد مختلف زندگی همچون جنبه های اجتماعی و فرهنگی در نظر گرفته شده است. فضاهای موجود در یک خانه جهت کارکردهای خاص، برای استفاده کنندگان آنها در کنار یکدیگر شکل گرفته اند. تعاملات اجتماعی موجود در یک محیط را می توان در نحوه چیدمان آن محیط مورد سنجش قرار داد. یکی از روش های کمک کننده به خوانش و فهم معماری، شناخت پیکربندی فضایی است. این پژوهش با هدف پاسخگویی به این سوال انجام شده است که، وضعیت پیکربندی فضایی حوض خانه در خانه های تاریخی اصفهان دوره های صفوی و قاجار چگونه است؟ پژوهش حاضر به صورت ترکیبی (کمی- کیفی)، با هدف کاربردی و با رویکرد توصیفی- تحلیلی صورت گرفته است. بدین منظور در گام اول 10 خانه تاریخی اصفهان به عنوان نمونه موردی انتخاب شدند، در گام بعدی پارامترهایی چون دسترسی فیزیکی (عمق، عمق نسبی، اتصال، انتخاب و هم پیوندی) و دسترسی بصری با استفاده از نرم افزار اسپیس سینتکس مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته های پژوهش نشان داد که تفاوت هایی به لحاظ پیکربندی فضایی در حوض خانه ها وجود دارد؛ به طوری که با توجه به نقشه ها و اعداد به دست آمده از نرم افزار یاد شده، فضای حوض خانه ها دارای کمترین و یا بیشترین میزان هر متغیر مشاهده شد. گروهی از حوض خانه ها دارای ارتباط، انتخاب و هم پیوندی بیشتر و عمق کمتر و گروه دیگر کاملا متفاوت هستند و دارای ارتباط، انتخاب و هم پیوندی کمتر و عمق بیش تری می باشند. از نظر دسترسی بصری تعدادی از حوض خانه ها به واسطه داشتن پنجره ارسی به فضای حیاط دید دارند.

Analyzing the spatial configuration of the Hozkhaneh of historical houses in Isfahan using the method of space

Introduction: In the architecture of historical Iranian houses, different aspects of life such as social and cultural aspects have been considered. The spaces in a house have been formed next to each other for specific functions for their users. Social interactions in an environment can be measured in the way that environment is arranged. One of the methods that help to read and understand architecture is to know the spatial configuration. Methodology: This research is combined (quantitative-qualitative) with a practical purpose and a descriptive-analytical approach; The qualitative part of which has been done in both documentary and field forms. First, it has been studied in the fields of space, spatial organization, historical houses, the space of the pond, and the theory of space syntax. During the study of the houses in Isfahan, 35 historical houses with ponds were found (due to such things as the destruction of historical houses, being uninhabited, changing the use of houses to hotels, museums, and other cases, the lack of documents and maps of some historical houses, 10 historical houses with Hozkhaneh in the city of Isfahan related to the Safavid and Qajar periods, including the Arab house, Angoorstan Malek, Javaheri, Haj Mosvaral-Molki, Habibabadi, Dormian, Sukias, Alafchian, Qadirian and Molabashi, were selected; then, by attending these 10 houses, taking pictures and taking Information has been obtained from the space of its pool houses. In the next step, with a quantitative approach, the map of the selected houses has been analyzed for spatial configuration by Space Syntax software. Results: The findings of the research showed that there are differences in terms of spatial configuration in pond houses; According to the maps and numbers obtained from the mentioned software, the space of the ponds has the lowest or the highest amount of each variable. Conclusion: A group of ponds has more connection, choice, and connection, and less depth and another group is different completely and has less connection, choice, and connection, and more depth. In terms of visual access, several pond houses have a view of the yard due to having a sash window. In general, the different interpretation of the choice is related to the two concepts of access and communication. This is well established in the configuration of the houses. The choice is directly related to the number of openings in the space. Also, these changes are related to the way spaces are placed together. Spaces that are located at a greater depth are restricted due to the movement of currents that are assigned to them and have less access and sight lines. Spatial depth is observed due to the multiplicity and creation of spatial and introspective space series. As a result, the visual accessibility of spaces becomes less, which causes privacy.

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