تبیین نقش مؤلفه های مدیریت شهری بر توسعه گردشگری (مطالعه موردی: کلان شهر تبریز) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هرچند که گردشگری شهری پدیده ای نوظهور نیست اما امروزه، به دلیل رقابت مابین کشورهای مختلف، مسائل اقتصادی و تغییر و تحول در تقاضای گردشگران بیش از پیش مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در این بین به منظور سازمان دهی مقاصد گردشگری شهری برای کسب حداکثر منافع با حفظ منابع، ضروری است مدیریت شهری با تحقق مولفه های موثر خود، گام اساسی بردارد. برهمین اساس، پژوهش حاضر به دنبال شناسایی مولفه های مدیریت شهری و سپس تبیین نقش هر کدام بر تحقق هرچه بیشتر و کارآمدتر توسعه گردشگری در کلانشهر تبریز است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل خبرگان و متخصصین گردشگری، جغرافیا و مدیریت شهری است که با بهره گیری از نرم افزار Sample Power، تعداد 100 نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه تعیین گردد. روش نمونه گیری نیز تصادفی ساده است. به منظور تحلیل تأثیر هریک از مولفه های مدیریت شهری بر توسعه گردشگری نیز از نرم افزار Smart PLS بهره گرفته شد. پس از بررسی مبانی نظری، چهار بُعد زیرساخت های شهری، خدمات و تسهیلات گردشگری، یکپارچگی نهادهای شهری و منابع مالی و انسانی برای مدیریت شهری استخراج گردید. همچنین، سه بُعد اجتماعی فرهنگی، اقتصادی و زیست محیطی نیز برای توسعه گردشگری در نظر گرفته شد. در نهایت این نتیجه کسب گردید که در بین مولفه های مدیریت شهری، یکپارچگی مابین نهادهای شهری با ضریب 698/0، زیرساخت های شهری با ضریب 529/0، خدمات و تسهیلات شهری با ضریب 296/0 و منابع مالی و انسانی با ضریب 106/0 به ترتیب بیشترین تأثیر را بر توسعه گردشگری دارند. همچنین، بیشترین نمود تحقق مولفه های مدیریت شهری در توسعه گردشگری، در بُعدهای اجتماعی فرهنگی با ضریب 867/0، اقتصادی با ضریب 700/0، زیست محیطی با ضریب 594/0 قابل مشاهده است. بنابراین، پیشنهاد می شود برمبنای مدیریت یکپارچه شهری به علاوه آموزش نیروی متخصص، کلانشهر تبریز می تواند در جهت رونق گردشگری گام بردارد.Explaining the Role of Urban Management Components on Tourism Development (Case Study: Tabriz metropolis)
Extended AbstractIntroductionOne of the activities developed after the second half of the twentieth century, following factors such as globalization, the development of capitalism, the growth of means of transportation, and the development of technological communications, is tourism. In fact, the development of the tourism industry has significant benefits compared to the development of other types of industries. As a result, most regions around the world are competing with each other to enjoy its benefits, especially the high share of revenue as well as the increase in employment resulting from the development of this service industry. Therefore, planners and managers of various destinations have taken steps to meet this demand and also to continue to be competitive in order to benefit from all available and accessible tourism resources. In the meantime, one of the keys and influential factors in utilizing tourism capacities and organizing destinations, especially urban destinations, is urban management. The development of urban tourism with the promotion of quantitative and qualitative dimensions and with maximum efficiency is closely related to the good urban management in using effective methods of organizing and managing this industry in cities. Thus, the present study seeks to identify and investigate the effective components of urban management and its role in the tourism development of Tabriz metropolis and answer the following question:-What is the role of urban management components on tourism development?MethodologyThe present research is practical and, in terms of content and method, is in the category of descriptive-analytical research. The required information was collected through library and field methods. In this way, theoretical concepts were first explained in order to clarify the issue. Then, for a more coherent and efficient discussion of the region, the components of urban management (four components) and tourism development (three components) were collected in accordance with the literature and theoretical foundations and experts. The statistical population of the present study includes experts and specialists in the field of tourism, geography, and urban management, and the volume of the statistical sample in this research was calculated through Sample Power software equal to 100 people. The sampling method is also simple random. SPSS and Smart PLS software programs have been exerted in order to study descriptive statistics and analyze the collected data to discover the effect of each factor on the dependent variable of tourism development, respectively.Result and discussionAccording to the results, it was clarified that among the components of urban management, integration between urban institutions with a coefficient of 0.698, urban infrastructure with a coefficient of 0.529, urban services and facilities with a coefficient of 0.296, and financial and human resources with a coefficient of 0.106 have the most significant impact on tourism development, respectively. Also, based on the results, the most manifestation of the components of urban management in tourism development can be seen in the dimensions of socio-cultural with a coefficient of 0.867, economic with a coefficient of 0.700, environmental with a coefficient of 0.594.ConclusionIn the present study, its main purpose was to identify the components of urban management and explain the role of each component on tourism development. After reviewing the existing theoretical foundations, four dimensions of urban infrastructure, tourism services and facilities, integration of urban institutions, and financial and human resources for urban management were extracted. Also, three socio-cultural, economic, and environmental dimensions were considered for tourism development. Then, in order to explain and investigate the impact of each component of urban management on tourism development, Smart-PLS software was employed.According to the results, it was found that the components of urban management have a positive and significant effect on the development of tourism in Tabriz so that the integration of urban institutions (0.698), urban infrastructure (0.529), urban services and facilities (0.296) and financial and human resources (0.106) have the greatest impact on tourism development, respectively. Are. These results indicate the importance of integration between urban institutions among the components of urban management to achieve more significant tourism development among experts and specialists in the field of tourism and geography and urban management. Moreover, the most manifestation of the use of urban management components in tourism development in accordance with the results can be seen in the socio-cultural dimension, which includes items such as a sense of belonging to the host community, increased satisfaction and security, increased cultural and social activities, ease of access, diversity of uses. Finally, it is suggested that based on integrated urban management and attracting local and national investments, in addition to training specialized human resources, Tabriz metropolis can take more steps towards tourism prosperity and, consequently, urban sustainability.Keywords: Urban Management, Tourism Development, Tabriz Metropolis, Structural Equations, Smart-PLS.
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