Imam Khomeini (RA)

Social change and transformation have long been studied by political philosophers and thinkers of social sciences, and a range of classical to modern theories have been presented in the field of "revolution theories". Although Iran`s Islamic Revolution was a unique revolution that had a serious impact on the theorizing of the revolutions, despite the efforts made, the analysis of the Islamic revolution and other divine-human (innate) revolutions still requires theorizing, and also there is a void of native theories based on Islamic principles in this field. Meanwhile, Imam Khomeini`s thought as a theoretician and leader of the Islamic Revolution has a potential for the innate (divine-human) revolution theory. Imam Khomeini (may Allah be pleased with him) explained the revolution and the inner upheaval of man based on the theory of innate and generalize individual's precepts on society, He explained the natural (divine-human) revolutions based on the “Makhmurah” and “Blate” nature and the spiritual and inner transformation of man. This article attempts to extract and analyze the fundamentals and components of the innate theory of revolution from the perspective of Imam Khomeini (RA) based on the foundation's data theorizing method.

One of the most important concerns in the realm of political thought among Jurists has been to explain their views on the establishment of an Islamic government and the Vilayat-e Faqih. Regarding the unfavorable political climate in previous eras, some Jurists could not explicitly articulate these views. Therefore, the present study aims to answer the question of ‘How the position of the Vilayat-e Faqih and the movement beyond monarchical thought has been presented in the political-social thoughts of Jurists from the Qom seminary over the last century?’ Using the theoretical framework of historical realism based on Strauss, content analysis, and library research methods, the political thoughts of three prominent Jurists in recent centuries are examined: Shaykh Abdul Karim Haeri, as the founder of the Qom seminary; Ayatollah Boroujerdi, as the stabilizer of Qom's seminary in the social sphere; and finally, Imam Khomeini (RA), who guided Qom's seminary from the social arena to the political one. Ultimately, in response to the above question, the findings of the research suggest that "Undoubtedly, the activities of these three great Jurists in the last century have been one of the most significant events in the re, liberating the Shia community from centuries of monarchical oppression and emphasizing the establishment of an Islamic government based on the Vilayat-e Faqih. Imam Khomeini continued the path of great jurists such as Shaykh Abdul Karim Haeri and Ayatollah Boroujerdi and other Jurists since the time of occultation."  alm of political and social thought within the Shia community. Their structured and uniform activities, despite differing methods, have brought about a tremendous transformation in the political and social landscape of Islamic Iran