Evidence-based approach

Evidence-based policy-making is a continuous process of collecting valid and ethical information, intelligently analyzing it, and effectively communicating the findings to policymakers at the operational level in a controlled manner. This approach enables policymakers to take a proactive stance toward the consequences of science and technology (S&T) and develop ethical policies to achieve favorable economic and social outcomes in the S&T field. The purpose of this research is to describe how the evidence-based approach contributes to ethical policy-making in science and technology (S&T). To achieve this goal of explaining the evidence-based policy-making approach, the concept of strategic intelligence in policy-making has been utilized to elucidate the theoretical foundations of the research. The ethical components of evidence-based policy-making are then identified from relevant resources and documents through a documentary study. To classify the ethical components of evidence-based policy-making, identify the relationships between them, and formulate the framework for evidence-based ethical policy-making, a thematic analysis method inspired by the 7-step approach of Noblit and Hare (1988) has been used. Based on the results of this research, the steps of evidence-based ethical policy-making include the identification of information sources, the use of analytical tools for strategic intelligence in policy-making, policy intelligence, and ethical policy formulation. Also, in all these steps, policymakers must adhere to ethical principles of politics, which include participation, objectivity, methodicality, and learning.

Enterprises employ information systems to carry out their day-to-day business operations. Organizations implement business policies to enhance their competitive edge through efficient process management. This paper aims to propose a method that combines two approaches: evidence-based policymaking and process mining, to facilitate process reengineering. While numerous evidence-based approaches utilizing process mining techniques have been employed to assess process performance through measurements, these methods often focus on individual process instances. This is in contrast to Business Process Redesign (BPR) assessments, which encompass more comprehensive performance measurements, including overall process performance. This study proposes a method for analyzing process execution time, which includes Cycle time, Lead time, and Activity time. The aim is to support evidence-based policymaking in information systems through the use of process mining. Several key performance indicators (KPIs) have been defined for evidence-based management of business processes to identify process bottlenecks. The results of this paper demonstrate the application of process mining in analyzing the execution time of business processes. Using a real-world dataset, the study identified time-consuming activities and provided key performance indicators (KPIs) to guide process optimization. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of process mining in identifying bottlenecks and inefficiencies within operational processes, ultimately leading to improved process performance and efficiency.