triangulation

Objective:   Marital relationship quality is a very important aspect in the relationship of couples and plays an important role in marital conflicts. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the mediating role of triangulation with children in the relationship between attachment style and marital relationship quality. Methods:  The research method was descriptive, which was carried out in the form of path analysis. In order to conduct this research, 180 married people were selected from the counseling centers of Ardakan city by simple random sampling and the research tools included marital relationship quality questionnaire, adult attachment style scale and triangulation questionnaire. They answered the collected data were analyzed through AMOS software. Results: The results of the research showed that ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles have a positive and significant relationship with triangulation and triangulation also has a negative and significant relationship with the marital relationship quality. Also, secure (0.567), ambivalent (-0.454)  and avoidant (-0.433) attachment style have a significant relationship with the marital relationship quality. The results of investigating indirect relationships also indicated that the mediating role of triangulation with children was significant in the relationship between avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles with marital relationship quality. Conclusion: attachment style can affect the quality of marital relationship in conflicted couples by influencing triangulation with children. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the underlying factors of psychological separation between couples.

The present study aimed to analyze English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers and students’ perceptions on learning effectiveness, negative factors, positive features, and future directions of virtual education. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, open-ended questions, and journals. All the data were carefully studied and coded through MAXQDA (version 2020) software. The results indicated that poor internet connection along with low interaction between students and the teacher were the most frequently noted negative points of online classes. Accordingly, providing high-speed internet, supporting students, and having more interaction are the first essential elements in virtual education. Besides, flexibility, time-saving, and reduced cost considerations were considered the positive aspects of online classes. Regarding students’ learning performance, the results were of mixed nature. Providing training courses for teachers, using different materials during the class, and the most importantly having high-speed internet are some implications of this study.