Granger-causality Method

Failure to timely identify the occurrence of various shocks in the foreign exchange market due to the close relationship with the monetary, macroeconomic, and financial uncertainty can lead to crises and imbalances. In this paper, the effect of exchange rate and investor confidence on monetary and economic uncertainty in Iran is investigated, specifying a Multivariate GARCH model and the Granger-causality method over 2001-2018. The research findings have shown a significant positive correlation between exchange rate and macroeconomic uncertainty in the short run. But, there is no two-way Granger relationship between the real exchange rate, investor confidence in financial markets, and money growth uncertainty. Exchange rate uncertainty affects the real economy through a channel other than the capital market. Also, there is a significant effect of Investor confidence on monetary uncertainty in the short run. As a result, monetary uncertainty is affected by investor confidence uncertainty just through movements in money growth