Local architecture

Constructed upon a height (by footing) or breaking in to the ground, in a building, making a close relation between earth and soil is of great importance. In addition, earth as a prior factor in creation of a shade and residence, plays a crucial role in architecture history. Throughout the different area, earth is paid attention differently: as a source of cool (in China), a source of heat (Cappadocia, Turkey), and conversely as an offensive source in Amazon forests. In hot-arid climates, proximity to earth is useful to apply the heat in the buildings. Present study aims to investigate the mentioned factor in Dastkand village located at Kerman province. Mountainous moderate climate, cold and icy winters and moderate summers is of the considerable properties of the studied area. The maximum and minimum temperature was recorded, 42 and -18° C during summer and winter, respectively. Hence, in addition to cultural as well as economic factors, temperature fluctuation played a key role in breaking the buildings in to the ground. So, this study assists to investigate the studied area within natural bed, in plan and section. On this basis, technical methods of earth profiting throughout the studied area have been investigated, in order to profit earth in modern architecture. Results showed a harmony between dominant winds and buildings in winter and summer. Moreover, profiting from high sun shining with special architecture is of Meymand village characteristic. Using breaking in to the ground technique, 26.57 % decrease occurred in cooling need, annually. On the other hand, Day-Degree heating need has reduced to approximately 13.65 % annually solely by earth profiting technique. Overall, results demonstrate a harmony between applied technique and the studied region climate. Besides, there reported a proper isotropy between temperature fluctuation and air aridity throughout the region.

The Iranian tribes have their unique architecture due to their lifes tyle. They resort to a portable shelter type, the black tent, that can be carried and assembled easily. This article introduces this shelter type applied in the Bakhtiari tribe, which has a his tory dating back to the Iranian civilization. This s tructure has retained its identity due to its ability to meet the needs of its inhabitants for centuries and remains a valuable legacy of Iranian architecture. The field s tudy of Bakhtiari tribes is run by assessing their spatial conditions and adapting them to the library s tudies. The uniqueness of this architecture is in its flexibility and compatibility with the environment. The harmony and rhythm used in interior decoration are directed by climate, culture, cus toms, and living conditions, thus forming temporary architecture. According to the given site, the natural material type consumed in this s tructure is feet, creating comfort in the inhabitants' lives. The seasonal and functional condition flexibly dictates the size and plan of the black tent. In this context, to preserve this heritage running in-depth s tudies on this issue is of the essence.