Economic policy

This review provides an assessment of the collection of contributions on the economic issues of COVID-19. The paper focused on the structure of the book and chapters’ content, quality of the publication, missing topics, predictions, and the pandemic effects on poverty and inequality. As the book is written during the initial stages of the pandemic, it does not contain the digital economy, cryptocurrency, health economics issues, sovereign debt, and resilience. The book is a useful text for graduate students in Economics and illuminating for economic policies during the COVID-19 pandemic._x000D_ This review provides an assessment of the collection of contributions on the economic issues of COVID-19. The paper focused on the structure of the book and chapters’ content, quality of the publication, missing topics, predictions, and the pandemic effects on poverty and inequality. As the book is written during the initial stages of the pandemic, it does not contain the digital economy, cryptocurrency, health economics issues, sovereign debt, and resilience. The book is a useful text for graduate students in Economics and illuminating for economic policies during the COVID-19 pandemic

Oil became one of the pillars of Iran's economy from the beginning of the 14th century AH, and its traces can be seen in all political, economic and social developments since then. Iran's economy is affected by oil and its revenues through various mechanisms. The problem of this research is to analyze one of the dimensions of the effect of oil on Iran's political economy, that is, the government's economic policies between 2013 and 2021. The purpose of the research is to identify the effects of oil on the government's policies and to provide the basis for reducing the negative effects. The descriptive-analytical research method and the method of data collection will be library studies and official statistics. According to research data, domestic and international developments have caused fluctuations in oil production, price, and income, and these fluctuations are caused by certain economic policies such as financial indiscipline, inflationary programs, and relative neglect of the tax system. And it has resulted in an increase in the Gini coefficient. These policies lead to the occurrence of some economic-social phenomena and the fluctuation of economic indicators, such as the failure to achieve the goals of development plans, rising inflation rates, increasing or decreasing the class gap, creating employment in a limited way and ultimately disequilibrium. Industry, agriculture and service sectors have grown. Although in some cases, such as job creation, oil income has had positive consequences, but mainly the consequences of oil income fluctuations have been negative and hindered economic progress.