political development

Development and progress as a complex concept based on a process have various dimensions and levels usually studied in economic, political, social, and cultural development. Political development is one of the essential dimensions and indicators critical in theories and approaches to development in schools of thought and political sociology studies. While defining and clarifying the concept of "Political Excellence" and recognising the differences between it and the idea of "Political Development" and introducing the indicators of this exploratory concept, the present article examines them in terms of content from Ayatollah Khamenei's perspective. The main question is about the place of political excellence idea and progress in Ayatollah Khamenei's political thought. In response, it should be said that in his view, political excellence will be achieved by considering local conditions and domestic equipment, which is a new viewpoint and an acceptable model to replace with the concept of Western political development. Explaining the concept of political excellence, while considering the Western models of development unsuccessful, emphasising the indigenous Iranian-Islamic model of progress, he expressed seven signs and indicators for the desired model of political excellence and improvement, some of which, such as struggle, the spirit of risk-taking and discipline, the foundations of Islamic epistemology and attention to the two dimensions of human [body and soul], are the prelude to excellence and progress, and others, such as ensuring the independence of the country, producing the science and realising the social justice, is the result of excellence and improvement. In explaining the manifestations of political excellence and progress, he also expresses characteristics of the people such as awareness and insight, participation and presence in scenes and elections, and public monitoring and unity. 

Introduction: Educating people in different ways is one of the aspects of moral education. Education that plays an important role in the destiny of man and society. One of the issues in moral education is how to involve moral teachings in the political relations of countries. The purpose of this research is to investigate the ethical components affecting political development in higher education. Material and Methods: The current research was applied and implemented in a mixed manner. Thematic analysis method was used in the qualitative part. The statistical population was experts in the field of higher education (administrators and faculty members of universities), from among whom 10 people were selected by snowball sampling. The interview tool was semi-structured and the data was analyzed by coding method and MAXQDA software. In the quantitative part, the method was descriptive-correlation. The research community included experts in the field of higher education and international relations (academic faculty members, cultural advisors, and experts from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs), among whom 50 people were selected in an improbable and accessible way. The data were analyzed using structural equations and pls software. Results: The results of the qualitative part indicated 32 open codes and 6 core codes, which were categorized into 3 categories of educational relations factors at the international level, moral policy, civil and social development. The results of the quantitative part also indicated the appropriate fit of the model, so it can be said that ethics and ethics approaches in higher education can be effective in political development. Conclusion: The results of the findings show that in addition to the desire of countries to develop relations based on respect and moral policy, there are factors in three areas of educational relations at the international level, moral policy, civil, scientific and social development in higher education; Among them: relations based on respect, expansion of international relations, attention to human dignity, freedom, attracting participation, meritocracy, attention to scientific and civil institutions have an effect on political development

Introduction: Human power is the most reliable capital of any country due to the power of thought, creativity and innovation. The expectation of any kind of development in the society depends only on the human power and intellectual ability of its members. One of the important components in measuring and evaluating human resources is the ethics and motivations of training and education. Therefore, in the following article, the influence of the political and social development process on the educational system and moral teachings in developing countries was investigated. Material and Methods: In order to achieve the goal, the present study conducted a comprehensive review of the sources related to the research keywords in PubMed and Science Direct, Sid, Noormagz and Civilica databases in the range of 2000 to 2022. Conclusion: People who participate in matters related to moral education, in addition to helping the organizational progress and ultimately the social and political system, also reach growth and prosperity in the individual dimension and promote social and political development. Therefore, it can be said that one of the important mechanisms for improving productivity is paying attention to the close relationship between ethics and education in the direction of social and political development. By realizing the abilities, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the educational system, the gap between the current situation and the desired situation can be identified, and based on the result, strategies can be formulated to improve it and eliminate the shortcomings. It is appropriate for political science theorists and government managers to include the interaction of ethics and education with society and its development among their key programs and goals and to invest in this matter as much as possible.