مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

Terms of Trade


۱.

The effect of globalization on the gross terms of trade of consumption, intermediate and capital goods, using simultaneous model: Evidence from Iran

نویسنده:
منبع: توسعه و سرمایه سال سوم پاییز و زمستان ۱۳۸۹ شماره ۶

کلیدواژه‌ها: Globalization Terms of Trade Import Export Level of International Trade Index

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۵۳۷ تعداد دانلود : ۸۱۱
Process of globalization has a great effect on any economy. In other hand every economy has a special attention to “terms of trade (TOT)” that indicate impart of international trade advantages. So this research try to see the effect of globalization -by using level of international trade index as a globalization index- on gross terms of trade of Iran. Using time series of 1971-2005 and in a SUR (Seemingly Unrelated Regression) model, this effect has been examined for consumption, intermediate and capital goods. Results show that globalization had a negative effect on the TOT of consumption goods and positive effect on the TOT of intermediate and capital goods.
۲.

Asymmetric Effect of Oil Price on the Terms of Trade: Evidence from Oil Exporting and Importing Countries(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International Economics Studies, ۴۰, Issue ۲, Autumn and Winter ۲۰۱۲-۲۰۱۳ 67 - 74

کلیدواژه‌ها: Terms of Trade Oil Price Shock Oil Exporting Countries Oil Importing Countries

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۵۰ تعداد دانلود : ۳۵۳
 The oil price shocks are an important source that affect on TOT in both oil exporting and importing countries. Hence, this paper compares the effects of real oil price shock on TOT in both oil importing and exporting countries, using Panel Data technique and during 1980-2010. To the best of our knowledge, we applied the nonlinear approach in order to assess the asymmetric impact of the oil price shocks on TOT. The results show that the oil price shocks influenced the TOT in the oil exporting and importing countries, differently. So that, in oil exporting countries, positive (negative) oil price shocks have significantly positive (negative) effect on their TOT, while in oil importing countries, positive (negative) oil price shocks have significantly a negative (positive) effect on TOT. Furthermore, the findings reveal that in the oil exporting countries, the effect of negative oil price shocks on TOT is more than positive oil price shocks. While, in oil importing countries, it is converse.JEL Classification: E64, F41
۳.

Choosing base year in relative purchasing power parity theory to determine the long-run trend of exchange rate in Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Money and Economy, Vol. ۱۸, No. ۱, Winter ۲۰۲۳ 75-94

کلیدواژه‌ها: Exchange rate determination Terms of Trade oil price Bound test

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۱ تعداد دانلود : ۲۶
The theory of relative purchasing power parity to determine the long-run trend of the exchange rate in Iran is quite sensitive to the base year selection. So, by changing the base year, trends with a level difference of several hundred percent are obtained. It means that the long-run trend of the real exchange rate is not at a constant level. In other words, contrary to the PPP theory, the real exchange rate trend is not stationary. Empirical studies consider the non-stationary change in terms of trade resulting from the changes in the real oil price as one of the reasons. This study examines the nexus between the real exchange rate and terms of trade in Iran from 1960 to 2020, using the autoregressive distributed lag approach to cointegration as the estimation method. We find that higher terms of trade lead to a decline in the actual exchange rate and vice versa. The results indicate a long-run relationship, which means that the condition needed to estimate the long-term trend of the exchange rate in Iran is to have the same terms of trade in the base year.