ارزیابی مؤلفه های کیفیت سکونت شهری (مورد مطالعه شهرک شهید کشوری اصفهان) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
امروزه کیفیت زندگی شهری یکی از کلیدی ترین مفاهیم برنامه ریزی شده است. بر این اساس برنامه ریزان در تلاش برای نمایش سطوح کیفیت زندگی در سطوح مختلف جغرافیایی هستند؛ تا از این طریق بتوانند راهکارهایی بهتری برای بهبود کیفیت زندگی نواحی دارای وضعیت نامطلوب ارائه دهند.هم زمان با پدیدار شدن بحران های محیطی، کیفیت محیط به عنوان بخش مهمی از مفهوم کلی کیفیت زندگی شناخته شد. این مفهوم به عنوان بازتاب همه جانبه احساس شخص از سلامتی، شامل همه عواملی که در رضایتمندی انسان نقش دارند، فرض شده است. سنجش درجه رضایتمندی فضایی الگوی سکونت و مجتمع های سکونتی طیف گسترده ای از مؤلفه های فرهنگی، اجتماعی کالبدی را در بر می گیرد که ارزش کیفیت محیط مسکونی و سکونت را نمایان می کند. عرصه مسکن به منظور تأمین رشد اجتماعی علاوه بر خود واحد مسکونی محیط پیرامون آن را نیز در بر می گیرد. ارزیابی میزان رضایتمندی ساکنان می تواند در جهت سنجش میزان دستیابی به اهداف پروژه های شهری مؤثر واقع شود و همین طور نتایج حاصل از این گونه پژوهش ها را می توان در ارتقای کیفیت محیط زندگی به کار برد. لذا هدف این پژوهش سنجش و تدوین مدل مفهومی کیفیت زندگی در شهرک شهید کشوری اصفهان مبتنی بر شاخص های مسکن بوده به طوری که نوع تحقق کاربردی و روش تحقق، توصیفی-تحلیلی است و گردآوری اطلاعات نیز از طریق مطالعات کتابخانه ای میدانی و پرسشنامه صورت گرفته است .در پژوهش حاضر تعداد 31 شاخص در 5 بعد کالبدی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی، زیست محیطی و مدیریتی تعیین شده است و تعداد نمونه با روش آلفای کرونباخ تعیین گردید و تعداد384 نمونه می باشد. در بخش تحلیل از نرم افزارهای SPSS , AMOS استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می دهد که شهرک شهید کشوری در شاخص ها و مدل های پیشنهادی از برازندگی مطلوبی برخوردار است.Evaluation of urban residential quality components (case study of Shahid Keshvari town, Isfahan)
Extended Abstract Introduction Housing, as a platform for human life, interacts with other aspects of his life. Each residential area should be built according to different family structures and different spatial and social needs, and should present a unique environment with its own spatial and social characteristics. In recent decades, due to the increasing demand for housing in Iran, many efforts have been made to provide housing, but what has generally been ignored is the qualitative aspects of buildings, along with their quantitative increase. The term quality has a broad meaning, so that different definitions can be given that express different indicators of it; therefore, in order to achieve desirability in the field of housing, qualitative indicators should be examined in housing planning studies along with quantitative development. The quality of the urban residential environment is usually measured through subjective indicators obtained from surveys and assessments of citizens' perceptions and satisfaction with urban life and their residential environment, or by using objective indicators obtained from secondary data. Methodology His research, with regard to the subject matter, "Evaluation of urban residential quality components (the study area of Shahid Keshvari town, Isfahan) is of an applied and developmental type in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical in terms of research type, and survey research method, and exploratory studies in the form of library and field studies have been used to implement it. In this study, the data collection tool is a questionnaire, the validity of which has been confirmed by consulting with relevant professors and experts. The statistical population includes citizens living in Shahid Keshvari town, Isfahan, and the Cochran formula was used, and the questionnaire was distributed and completed among 384 citizens of Shahid Keshvari town. Also, a field survey method was used to measure subjective indicators. For this purpose, the questionnaires were graded based on the Likert scale indicating complete satisfaction to dissatisfaction. After collecting information in the form of a questionnaire, this data was entered into the SPSS software environment and then coded and analyzed. In this study, to measure satisfaction in each of the indicators mentioned and also, their ranking was done using the structural equation method, which used AMOS software to perform the analysis. In this method, an attempt was made to statistically analyze the five main research variables and research indicators in detail. Results and Discussion This section, the relationships between the variables of the conceptual model of the qualitative part of the research are analyzed using the data obtained from the questionnaire in the quantitative part and with the help of the structural equation modeling method. According to the model test in AMOS software, the fit indices were not at the desired level and 3 paths were added to the model in order to modify the conceptual model of the research. Finally, according to the results of Table 1, all the fit indices of the model were at the desired level and indicate the suitability of the proposed model. The standardized regression coefficient expresses the effect of each component on the quality of life variable in Shahid Keshvari town. According to the results, the management variable with a regression coefficient (1>standardized regression coefficient>0.8) has the most effects and a strong and positive correlation with the quality of life in Shahid Keshvari town of Isfahan. Also, physical, social, economic and environmental variables with regression coefficient (0.8>standardized regression coefficient>0.6) have strong and positive effects and correlations with the quality of life in Shahid Keshvari Town. This result means that by making positive changes in these components, we can expect to improve the quality of life in Shahid Town. In evaluating the correlation between the variables, it was determined that the relationship between the management variable and physical and social variables is at the level of (0.8>Correlation>0.6), which indicates the existence of a positive and strong relationship between these variables. According to the T-statistic and the significance level (Sig<0.05) obtained for each of the 31 studied indicators, the two indicators k2 (quality of roads and sidewalk lighting) and z4 (traffic situation within the Shahid Keshvari town) are not at a significant level, therefore they do not have an effect on the quality of life in Shahid Keshvari town and do not have an effect in the conceptual model of this study. Conclusion Environmental quality is not just a quantitative and technical concept, but is also related to qualitative concepts such as quality of life, diversity of social space, social activities, spatial dependencies and urban identity. The influential components of urban environmental quality such as environmental health, security, social interactions, diversity of cultural activities, support for the local economy, appropriate access, increasing the physical quality of the environment, etc. play a significant role in citizens' satisfaction with urban public spaces. In the present study, the status of residential quality in Shahid Keshvari Town, Isfahan, has been evaluated, which has been examined in 5 physical, environmental, economic, social and managerial dimensions and 31 indicators, and the results of the research using the structural equation method show that all indicators are at a desirable level.
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