تحليل الانزياح الدلالي في دعاء أبي حمزة الثمالي (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
تشکّل ظاهره الانزیاح أحد الأرکان الأساسیه فی میدان الدراسات الأسلوبیه الحدیثه، حیث تتسم بدورها الممیز کعامل تمییز للخطاب الأدبی. تلعب هذه الظاهره دوراً بارزاً فی جذب انتباه القارئ والتأثیر العمیق علیه. یُعَدُّ دعاء أبی حمزه الثمالی کنموذج، یمثّل الانزیاح بشکل بارز، حیث تتحرک دلالاته عن معانیها المألوفه، وتختفی الدلالات الاعتیادیه، لتستبدل بمعانٍ جدیده وغیر تقلیدیه. تهدف هذه المقاله، بالاعتماد علی المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی، إلى استکشاف ظاهره الانزیاح الدلالی فی دعاء أبی حمزه الثمالی، من خلال الترکیبات المجازیه، والاستعاریه، والکنائیه. یتناول البحث استکشاف أغوار هذا الدعاء الشریف، بهدف کشف النقاب عن الجوانب الفنیه والإبداعیه المتنوعه التی یتضمّنها. أظهرت الدراسه نتائج، تشیر إلى أنَّ المجاز والاستعاره یعتبران من الوسائل البیانیه الرئیسه فی دعاء أبی حمزه الثمالی. ویتضح أنَّ للانزیاح الدلالی تأثیراً فاعلاً فی تعزیز جمالیه الدعاء والمساهمه فی تقدیمه بطریقه فنیه وتشکیله بشکل متنوع دلالی کبیر. یعمل هذا الدعاء، من خلال استخدام أشکال الانزیاح الدلالی، کالمجاز، والاستعاره، والکنایه، على جذب انتباه المتلقی والتأثیر فیه، مما یُسهم فی ترسیخه فی ذهنه بشکل فعّال.Semantic Deviation Analysis in the Supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali
Semantic deviation is a term used in literary criticism to refer to the transformation of the meaning of a word or concept into another that has an inherent relationship with the original meaning. This is achieved through innovative language use to serve various purposes, such as expressing an individual perspective, addressing a specific issue, or referring to certain life experiences. Semantic deviation can be manifested through the transformation of word meanings and imagery, adding appeal and effectiveness to the text to create specific effects on the reader.
The supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali is one of the most significant supplications through which believers call upon their Lord. This supplication originates from Imam Ali ibn al-Hussain Zain al-Abidin (PBUH), and it is attributed to Abu Hamza al-Thumali because he narrated it from the Imam. It is reported that Imam al-Sajjad (AS) used to pray for most of the night during the blessed month of Ramadan, and upon completing his prayers, he would recite this supplication.
This supplication presents various religious, social, and cultural concepts and ideas. Semantic deviation in the supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali can be observed through a range of linguistic elements and techniques. Words are employed and their meanings are altered in unconventional ways to achieve specific effects on the reader.
Semantic deviation is closely related to stylistic theory in literary criticism, as it is considered one of the fundamental elements in analyzing and understanding literary texts. It contributes to deepening the central idea of the text, evoking surprise and wonder in the reader, and enhancing the aesthetic impact of the text. Semantic deviation appears in different forms in poetry and prose, such as metaphor, simile, phonetic extensions, and other innovative linguistic techniques.
The present study aims to analyze semantic deviation in the supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali by addressing the following two research questions:
1) What are the prominent features of semantic deviation in the supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali?
2) What are the mechanisms used to employ semantic deviation in this supplication?
Two hypotheses were posed in the study based on the above research questions:
First Hypothesis: The supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali is rich in religious expressions and semantic deviations that reflect deep spiritual communication with God. It is also characterized by clarity and precise language that facilitates interaction and enhances its appeal through linguistic variety and depth.
Second Hypothesis: The supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali prominently employs linguistic deviations such as figurative language, simile, metaphor, and metonymy, which add depth and beauty to the text. These elements convey religious and spiritual meanings that express the relationship between man and his Creator in a rich and impactful rhetorical style.
This study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to explore the phenomenon of semantic deviation in the supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali, focusing on figurative, metaphorical, and metonymic structures.
The results of the present study showed that:
1) The supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali by Imam Zain al-Abidin (AS) is one of the most prominent supplications that exhibit semantic deviation. By employing figurative vocabulary, metaphor, metonymy, simile, and imagery through these mechanisms, this supplication deeply resonates with believers, reinforcing their spiritual connection with God. This phenomenon highlights the beauty of the Arabic language and its ability to express emotions and thoughts in their finest form.
2) The supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali demonstrates a remarkable adoption of the Qur’anic style and its influence. The reader can sense that the Imam (AS) derived many of his phrases and expressions from the fountain of divine revelation, skillfully organizing them and infusing them with eloquence and linguistic rhythm that reflects the magnificence of the Holy Qur’an .
3) The exploration of figurative expressions in the supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali clearly shows that these linguistic techniques leave a profound impact on the reader. They evoke feelings of eagerness and anticipation to comprehend the figurative meanings. Once the reader attains a full understanding of the intended meaning expressed through semantic deviation, he experiences immense pleasure and emotional satisfaction, which instills a sense of joy and relief. The words of this supplication possess a powerful impact—not only due to their sheer volume but also because of their clarity in conveying the intended meaning. They are characterized by eloquence, ease of comprehension, and a harmonious flow with the context, effectively directing the reader’s attention toward the appropriate emotional atmosphere of the text.
4) Metaphor in the supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali serves as a unique tool of semantic deviation, transcending its role as a mere rhetorical device to become an artistic and spiritual means that reflects closeness to God. It opens doors to repentance and hope, achieving a delicate balance between humility and optimism within the soul. By shifting words from their literal meanings, metaphor presents deeper and more spiritual concepts, transforming material meanings into abstract images that deepen one’s faith in God's boundless mercy and strengthen the bond with Him.
5) The supplication employs rhetorical imagery through simile to convey spiritual meanings with clarity and beauty. For instance, sins are depicted as burdens that weigh heavily on the soul, making the reader more aware of the necessity of repentance and purification. Such imagery plays a significant role in creating semantic deviations within the supplication, adding an extra dimension to it and enriching the reader’s experience.
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