بررسی تصحیح لطائف التفسیر زاهد درواجکی؛ نمونۀ موردی سورۀ صافّات (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
لطائف التفسیر از تفاسیر کهن و کامل فارسی است که این سال ها توسّط خانم سعیده کمائی فرد و به همّت مؤسّسه میراث مکتوب و عمدتاً بر پایه استفاده از دو نسخه به زیور چاپ آراسته و در پنج جلد منتشر شده است. بنای این نوشتار بر آن است که درباره تصحیح این اثر با تکیه بر تصحیح سوره صافّات[i]، نظر خود را اعلام کند. گزینش این نمونه، کاملاً، اتّفاقی بوده و حجم نسبتاً مناسب سوره و تنوّع مسائل مطرح شده در آن و افتادگی نسخه اساس در نیمه پایانی سوره در انتخاب سوره بی تأثیر نبوده است. نویسندگان این نوشته بر این باورند که کاستی های متنوّعی در تصحیح این اثر رخ داده، این کاستی ها را عمدتاً به دو دسته «صوری» و «محتوایی» می توان دسته بندی کرد. مقاله شواهد و یا به عبارتی مستندات مربوط به هر دسته را از متن بیرون کشیده، در جای مناسب آن قرار داده و بنای کار را بر اختصار و تکیه بر بدخوانی هایِ قطعی گذاشته است. تنگی فضای مقاله پرداختن به علل کامل بدخوانی ها را سلب کرده و زمینه را بر اشاره کوتاه به آن علّت ها فراهم کرده است. نتیجه ای که از این گفتار حاصل می شود این است که تصحیح مجدّد لطائف التفسیر، کاملاً، محسوس است؛ امّا در صورتی هم که درباره روایی یک سوره نسبت به تمام تفسیر تردیدی باشد، دلایل محکم و معتبر دیگری در حوزه تصحیح از قبیل کنارگذاشتن نسخه بدل قدیمی متعلّق به آستان قدس رضوی، در اختیار نداشتن نسخه کامل و خوش خط مربوط به کتابخانه ابوریحان بیرونی تاشکند، عدم مراجعه مصحّح به متون کهن تفسیری و لغوی و بدخوانی های ناشی از کم توجّهی به سیاق و بافت کلام، مخاطب را به سوی چنین باوری سوق می دهد.An investigation into the corrected version of Zahed Darwajeki’s Lataif al-Tafsir: Case study of Chapter Saffat
Lataif al-Tafsir is one of the most ancient and complete Persian commentaries, published by Mrs. Saeedeh Kamaifard with the help of Miras Maktoub Institute. The commentary is in five volumes and based on two versions. This study tried to examine the corrections of this commentary, focusing on Chapter Saffat of the holy Quran. This chapter was selected as it is among the middle chapters of the Quran, its size is big enough to be explored, it includes various issues, and ignoring the original version in the second half of this chapter. The researchers believe that the commentary has various shortcomings and categorized them into “form” and “content” shortcomings. Many witnesses pertaining to any of the categories were identified in the text. Succinctness and incontrovertible misreadings were focused upon. The succinct paper could not allow reporting in detail the causes of the misreadings, so they were mentioned briefly. The study concluded that the recorrection of Lataif al-Tafsir is totally remarkable as examining the case shows it clearly. Even if one doubts about the generalizing the findings of examining this chapter to all the commentary, some other incontrovertible issues confirm the finding such as putting aside and not using the ancient original version that belongs to Astan Quds Razavi, not having access to the complete eligible version that belongs to Abu Rayhan Biruni Library in Tashkent, not using ancient commentary and etymology books, and repeated misreadings due to ignoring the register and context. Keywords: Lataif al-Tafsir, Saffat Chapter, Text Correction, Misreading, Criticism, Distortion Introduction Lataif al-Tafsir is among the most ancient and comprehensive Persian commentaries, published by Mrs. Saeedeh Kamaifard with the help of Miras Maktoub Institute. The commentary has been done based on two versions and published in five volumes. This study tried to examine the corrections of this commentary, focusing on Chapter Saffat of the holy Quran. Among the issues affecting the selection of this chapter are its size, the diversity of its contents, and the losses in the second half of the original version of this chapter. The researchers believe that this corrected commentary includes various shortcomings and mistakes and they categorized them into “form” and “content” issues. Materials & Methods This study tried to examine the corrections of this commentary, focusing on Chapter Saffat of the holy Quran. This chapter was selected as it is among the middle chapters of the Quran, its size is big enough to be explored, it includes various issues, and ignoring the original version in the second half of this chapter. The researchers believe that the commentary has various shortcomings and categorized them into “form” and “content” shortcomings. Discussion & Result The study concluded that the recorrection of Lataif al-Tafsir is totally remarkable as examining the case shows it clearly. Even if one doubts about the generalizing the findings of examining this chapter to all the commentary, some other incontrovertible issues confirm the finding such as putting aside and not using the ancient original version that belongs to Astan Quds Razavi, not having access to the complete eligible version that belongs to Abu Rayhan Biruni Library in Tashkent, not using ancient commentary and etymology books, and repeated misreadings due to ignoring the register and context. Conclusion Witnesses of any of the categories were identified in the text and were put into its correct category. Succinctness and incontrovertible misreadings were focused upon. As the paper is supposed to be short, including all causes of the misreadings in details was impossible. A short review of correcting the chapter shows clearly the following issues: Various publishing and writing mistakes of this correction have greatly damaged the originality and validity of the text. Misreadings of the text have led to changes in the interpreter’s meaning and confusi
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