آسیب شناسی محتوایی/ رویه ای سیاستگذاری شورای عالی شهرسازی و معماری ایران از منظر حق به شهر در قوانین شهری و شهروندی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
نظام حقوق شهری کشور ظرفیت های حقوقی لازم برای آماده سازی بسترهای قانونی مناسب شهروندسازی محلی از منظر حق به شهر را ندارد. لذا هدف تحقیق حاضر آسیب شناسی محتوایی/رویه ای سیاستگذاری شورای عالی شهرسازی و معماری ایران از منظر حق به شهر در قوانین شهری و شهروندی است. روش این پژوهش تحلیل محتوای کیفی جهت دار است. بر اساس ادبیات و مبانی نظری موضوع، چارچوب تحلیلی تحقیق مشخص شد و متغیرها، ابعاد، مؤلفه ها، و مقوله های منتج از آن عرضه و با استفاده از همین چارچوب، قوانین مورد نظر به روش نمونه گیری از منابع معتبر، انتخاب و تحلیل شدند. برای این منظور 8 قانون انتخابی در 13 مؤلفه از چارچوب تحلیلی امتیازدهی شد که برآورد پایایی تحلیل برابر 895/0 بدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد قوانین در مولفه رویه ای با امتیاز 85/3 نسبت به مولفه محتوایی با امتیاز 11/3 مطلوبیت بیشتری داشته اند. بنابراین آسیب پذیری سیاستگذاری ها بیشتر از جنبه محتوایی بوده است. همچنین در میان هشت قانون مورد بررسی از قانون اساسی کشور، از نظر کیفیت محتوایی و رویه ای رتبه اول و قانون احترام به آزادی های مشروع از نظر کیفیت محتوایی و رویه ای، رتبه هشت را بدست آورد. بنابراین تصمیم گیری های فنی یا برنامه ریزی و طرح ریزی های فرمایشی نمی توانند واجد عنوان قانونگذاری در شهرسازی و معماری تلقی شوند. از این رو، تا وقتی نظام حقوقی و نظام شهرسازی تکلیف خود را با موضوع و مسائل شهرسازی مشخص نکند، سیاست های تدوین شده نمی توانند راهگشای مشکلات شهرسازی و معماری باشند.Content/procedural Pathology of the Policy of the Supreme Council of Urban Planning and Architecture of Iran from the Perspective of the Right to the City in Urban and Citizenship Laws
Background and purposeAnalysis of what and how the concept of the right to the city is reflected in the policy-making laws of the urban area of Iran and its lack of success and inefficiency is the main topic of this research. Considering the originality of the concept of the right to the city in the theoretical arena, as well as the indeterminacy of its limits and loopholes in the existing laws, firstly, a procedural review and analysis of urban and citizenship laws governing the right to the city in Iran, and secondly, a review and content analysis of the dimensions and components. The right to the city in these laws can lead to a detailed picture of what and how the concept of the right to the city is in the relevant laws and policies. It is necessary to explain that the purpose of the analysis of procedures in this article is not to examine the process of implementing laws in the field of practice; Rather, it is the structural features of the laws.MethodologyIn the current research, qualitative content analysis was used. Due to the novelty of the concept of the right to the city in the field of opinion, measuring its content and procedure in the existing laws requires a method that has high accuracy and validity. Therefore, the method of content analysis has been chosen. On the other hand, in qualitative content analysis, theory has a reference role and is the beginning of the analysis process. Choosing the method of qualitative content analysis in this research, on the one hand, makes the results of the research more valid due to its structure compared to other conventional approaches in qualitative content analysis, and on the other hand, to The reason for the referential role of the theory in the analysis of the findings, the analysis and interpretation of the results can be done more flexibly. Therefore, based on the conceptualization and review of the theoretical and experimental literature of the right to the city, the main components and criteria of interest in this field are presented in the article.Findings and discussionBased on the results of the research, two main content and procedural components have been identified and six criteria have been identified: the right to urban space, the right to citizen participation, content, stylistic language, architectural structure and publication, each of which has indicators of participation and democracy, support for groups Vulnerability, justice, effectiveness, accountability, preventing the exclusion of poor people, social support, living with dignity, pluralism, efficient transportation, access to public services, permeability, compact urban form, security, vitality, diversity, surprise, scale Human, were presented. Its realization depends on the creation of a mutual learning structure in the process of interactions between public and private institutions and people and the mutual understanding of the actors regarding the limits of each other's expectations and preferences.ConclusionThe most important opportunity for the cities to redefine the concept of citizen and transition from a citizen of the country to a citizen living in the city and to reflect the full right to the city in the urban and citizenship laws of Iran is the approval of the comprehensive urban management law, the realization of which depends on the will of the aforementioned institutions and demands. It will be people. Therefore, mere technical decisions or planning and planning cannot be considered as legislation in urban planning and architecture. Therefore, until the legal system and the urban planning system do not specify their task with the issue and issues of urban planning, the developed policies cannot solve the problems of urban planning and architecture.
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