تاب آوری در بستر فقر: مطالعه ای در میان دریافت کنندگان کمک های مالی از خیریه های شهر اصفهان
آرشیو
چکیده
تاب آوری عامل مهمی در غلبه بر ناملایمات و سختی های زندگی به ویژه در میان فقرا و نیازمندان است. تاب آوری یک مفهوم فرهنگی، زمینه ای و تاریخی است و مفهوم سازی آن، توضیح عوامل تأثیرگذار و شناسایی راهبردهای مقابله ای آن از فرهنگی به فرهنگ دیگر متفاوت است. همچنین بی توجهی به آن می تواند منجر به فهم نادرست این موضوع در افراد یا اجتماعات موردمطالعه شود. این مطالعه کیفی باهدف واکاوی معنای تاب آوری در میان دریافت کنندگان کمک های مالی از خیریه ها در شهر اصفهان انجام شد. این پژوهش با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون در میان مشارکت کنندگانی صورت گرفت که به صورت هدفمند برای این کار انتخاب شده بودند. با تجزیه وتحلیل مصاحبه ها، پنج مضمون کلی به دست آمد. «معنا و مفهوم رنج های زندگی»، «اتکا به منابع حمایتی»، «حفظ کرامت در شرایط سختی»، «واکنش در برابر استیصال» و «چشم اندازهای گذار». تحلیل کیفی ما نشان داد که تاب آوری در منظومه فکری و ذهنی مشارکت کنندگان صرفاً امری فردی نیست، بلکه ارتباط تنگاتنگی با زیست اجتماعی و تجربیات و تعامل آنان با سایر حوزه های زندگی شان دارد. نتایج این پژوهش می تواند برای مداخلات پیشگیرانه خیریه ها و سمن ها باهدف افزایش تاب آوری نیازمندان و فقرای شهری سودمند باشد.Resilience in the Context of Poverty: A Study Among Recipients of Financial Assistance from Charities in Isfahan
IntroductionResilience is not a new concept; however, its use in international development has increased. Currently, resilience is used in many fields, including humanitarian and emergency interventions, disaster risk management, security threats, livelihood analysis, urban development, and environmental sustainability. The most common terms associated with the concept of resilience are adversity, stress, adaptation, coping, risk factors, and protective factors (Mullin & Arce, 2008). Despite the increasing attention paid to resilience, there is still no fundamental consensus on its definition and operationalization. One factor that can have a destructive impact on the resilience of individuals and communities is poverty. Poverty is “the state or condition of being short or lacking money, goods, or means of support” in both relative and absolute meanings. Poverty in developed countries represents a set of social disadvantages that go beyond an absolute or relative lack of money and goods. Given that there is no clear definition of resilience (Luthar et al., 2000; Masten, 2007) and that resilience is a complex, multidimensional, and socially and culturally constructed construct, and on the other hand, to avoid predefined definitions, the present research aims to examine the meaning of resilience and its penetration into the mentality of beneficiaries who are supported and covered by charities due to poverty and unfavorable economic conditions. Understanding the concept of resilience in the context of this group of beneficiaries helps charity and community managers guide their actions in improving their resilience and helping them cope better with difficult life conditions.Research MethodologyThis research employed inductive content analysis, a methodology where themes are closely tied to the data itself. The coding process is conducted without adhering to a pre-existing framework or theme template. Given the variety of interview types available, the researchers opted for the semi-structured/semi-open interview approach, which is widely used. The study sample comprised ten participants, selected through purposive sampling. These individuals were beneficiaries of active charitable organizations in Isfahan, receiving either monetary or non-monetary support from these institutions.Research FindingsBy analyzing the interviews, five general themes were obtained, which are: "The meaning and concept of life's suffering", "Reliance on support sources", "Maintaining dignity in difficult situations", "Responding to despair", and "Transition perspectives".Discussion and ConclusionIn recent years, NGOs and charities have paid special attention to resilience in their strategies. However, as mentioned, there is no clear definition of resilience because it is a complex, multidimensional construct with social and cultural construction. Therefore, in the present study, as an initial step, instead of using theoretical approaches and predefined concepts, an attempt was made to explore the meaning of resilience in the minds and experiences of respondents who have been supported and covered by charities due to poverty and unfavorable economic conditions. In general, the results of the study showed that for the participants, resilience refers to a set of internal characteristics and its combination with external characteristics. Resilience is not necessarily an individual matter but is intertwined with external and social support resources in their immediate environment, such as family and friends, and even governmental support organizations such as relief committees and non-governmental organizations such as charities. In addition, the participants had a variety of resources that helped them adapt well to their adverse economic conditions. Internal factors that help people be more resilient in the face of life's adversities and difficulties. Although most interviewees have experienced and continue to experience difficult lives, most of them were satisfied with their current situation due to a positive attitude towards life, patience and perseverance, reliance on spirituality, and learning from lessons.AcknowledgmentsWe extend our gratitude to all individuals who participated in this study, as well as to the Institute for Endowment and Philanthropy Studies (Khaire Mandgar) for their financial backing and encouragement.
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