التماسك النصي في قصيدة أرِحْ ركابك للشاعر محمد مهدي الجواهري (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
تطوّرت الدراسات اللسانیه والنقدیه الحدیثه مؤخراً، مما جعلت الاهتمام بلسانیات النص ضروره ماسه فی تشکیله وتفسیره. من هذا المنطلق، یبحث هذا المقال مکامن التماسک النصی ودلالاته، أی ترابط أجزاء قصیده أرح رکابک، للشاعر محمد مهدی الجواهری حسیا أو معنویا؛ وذلک لأن شعره یعبر أصدق تعبیر عن عواطفه التی یکتنفها الحب والولاء للوطن. وقد جاء ذلک الحب عن عقیده صادقه وإذابه لذاته، من دون تکلف أو تصنّع، حیث لم یعبر عن العواطف فحسب، بل یعبر عن الفکر، والتعبیر عن الفکر أهم من التعبیر عن العواطف. ولما کان التماسک النصی أساساً فی بناء البیت الشعری وصیاغته فی التعبیر عن الأفکار، جاء الهدف من هذه الدراسه حیث التطبیقات العلمیه والعملیه على أبیات القصیده، لتتضح فاعلیه التماسک النصی وانسجامه فی ترابط وتماسک تلک الأفکار، وذلک عبر توظیف أدواته التی أهمها وأشهرها الإحاله والحذف والتکرار وغیرها، لیتناول عناصر التماسک النصی ودلالاته فی قصیده أرِحْ رکابک، معتمداً على المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی. یحکی قسم من النتائج أن القصیده کانت صوره حقیقیه للوضع السائد فی المجتمع العراقی، وأخذت أدوات التماسک النصی من الأدوات النحویه، کالإحاله، والاستبدال، والربط، والمعجمیه، کالتکرار والتضام، حیّزاً کبیراً فی القصیده، حیث لعبت دوراً محوریاً فی وحده النص الأدبی للقصیده.A Textual Coherence in the Ode "Rest" by Mohammad Mehdi Al-Jawaheri
Recent developments in linguistic and critical studies have underscored the urgent need to focus on the linguistics of text formation and interpretation. Building upon this perspective, this article explored the sources of textual coherence and their implications within the context of love and loyalty towards one's homeland. This love was rooted in genuine belief and devoid of affectation or artificiality, transcending the mere expression of emotions to encompass profound thoughts. The study recognized the primacy of expressing thoughts over emotions and highlighted the foundational role of textual coherence in constructing poetic lines that effectively conveyed ideas. The objective of this research was to examine the scientific and practical applications of textual coherence and its harmonious interplay in the poem "Rest". By employing various tools, such as reference, omission, repetition, and others, the study delved into the elements of textual coherence and their implications, employing a descriptive-analytical approach.Introduction:In the past, linguistic and critical studies primarily focused on individual sentences and the regulations governing them. However, as these studies have advanced, researchers in the field of poetry have shifted their attention towards the coherence of the entire text. This shift emphasizes the significance of understanding, interpreting, and establishing effective communication between the sender and receiver of the text. It also enables the audience to form a deep connection with the text. In the poem "Arah Rekabak," Mohammad Mehdi Al-Jawaheri beautifully expresses his profound love for his homeland after being away for 7 years. The sincere portrayal of emotions and selfless devotion to the country are the notable features of this poem. Thus, the objective of this article was to explore the role of text cohesion in the structure of verses within this poem and how it facilitated the expression of thoughts. Materials & Methods:This research adopted a descriptive-analytical approach. The poem "Rest" composed in 1968 to celebrate the return of the renowned Iraqi poet, Mohammad Mehdi Al-Jawaheri, to his homeland served as the primary subject of analysis. Being considered as one of the poet's timeless masterpieces, this ode eloquently conveyed his longing for his homeland after years of separation and his profound love for his motherland. The objective of this article was to investigate and analyze the elements of textual coherence within the poem and their role in conveying its themes to the readers. Specifically, this research focused on evaluating the referential element, which pertained to the semantic relationship between specific words and the objects, meanings, and positions to which other expressions in the text referred. Examples of referential elements included pronouns, referent nouns, relative nouns, and others, which were categorized as external and internal (preceding and subsequent) references. The referential elements discussed in this ode encompassed pronouns, substitution (nominal, present, and verbal), deletion, and connection, as well as dictionary coherence, including repetition and homonymy. Research Findings:The ode under study demonstrated a skillful utilization of textual cohesion elements. The poet adeptly employed various syntactic tools, including reference, substitution, and conjunction, as well as lexical devices, such as repetition and parallelism. By incorporating these dedicated tools throughout the poem, the poet effectively enhanced its overall thematic impact. Discussion of Results & Conclusion:In the ode "Rest," Al-Jawaheri effectively employed the word "Ya" to express his longing and evoke memories of his childhood conversations in Abadi and his playtime by the banks of the Euphrates River. The language used in the ode showcased Al-Jawaheri's mastery of textual interpretation and coherence.The coherence evident in the choice and placement of words within the poem's structure contributed to its aesthetic value. This coherence was reflected not only in the lexical and structural framework, but also in the reader's emotional connection with the longing for and return to the homeland. Consequently, the interaction between textual elements and formations of dictionary, grammatical, and semantic coherence were central to the ode.The ode "Rest" explored textual and lexical coherence by examining the relationships between linguistic units within the internal structure of the text through techniques like repetition and parallelism. Additionally, internal and external references played a significant role in establishing coherence within the poem.Substitution, a technique used in the ode "Rest," effectively avoided repetition and facilitated the linkage of different parts, ensuring coherence of the text. The use of chapters and connections, which were prominent throughout the ode, established a cohesive flow, whether from word to word or sentence to sentence. Furthermore, the poet placed considerable emphasis on the use of absent pronouns and their impacts on the audience's engagement with the text.
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