راهبردهای سامان دهی فضایی-مکانی سکونتگاه های غیر رسمی (مطالعه موردی: تپه مراد آب کرج) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف تدوین راهبردهای سامان دهی فضایی–مکانی سکونتگاه های غیر رسمی صورت پذیرفت. در این راستا با استفاده از روش توصیفی – تحلیلی به صورت تلفیقی از روش های کمی و کیفی اقدام به تجزیه وتحلیل اطلاعات گردید. نمونه تحقیق شامل 50 نفر از کارشناسان و متخصصان شهری می باشد که به صورت هدفمند نمونه گیری شده اند. در راستای دستیابی به اهداف پژوهش، در ابتدا از تحلیل سوات و پس ازآن از ماتریس QSPM استفاده گردید. در ادامه نیز از آزمون T–test جهت ارزیابی وضعیت موجود سکونتگاه غیر رسمی تپه مراد آب کرج استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل سوات منجر به شکل گیری 14 قوت، 26 ضعف، 17 فرصت و 17 تهدید گردید. در ادامه با استفاده از برنامه ریزی استراتژیک کمی (QSPM) اقدام به تدوین راهبرد سامان دهی فضایی–مکانی این سکونتگاه پرداخته شد. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل سوات منجر به شکل گیری 14 قوت، 26 ضعف، 17 فرصت و 17 تهدید گردید. همچنین بر اساس نتایج حاصل از برنامه ریزی استراتژیک کمی، 5 راهبرد جهت سامان دهی سکونتگاه غیر رسمی در تپه مراد آب کرج شناسایی گردید که شامل: تهیه طرح مطالعاتی جامع سامان دهی مرتبط با بازآفرینی شهری پایدار در قالب برنامه جامع اقدام مشترک با توجه به سطوح زمانی کوتاه مدت، میان مدت، بلندمدت و مشخص کردن نقش هرکدام از سازمان ها و نهادهای دولتی، خصوصی و مشارکت مردمی؛ تسهیل ورود بخش خصوصی به پروژه های بازآفرینی شهری؛ سامان دهی محلات سکونتگاه های غیر رسمی؛ استفاده از ظرفیت های ساکنین سکونتگاه های غیر رسمی جهت بازآفرینی محلات هدف و ایجاد اشتغال؛ افزایش امنیت و جلوگیری از بروز آسیب های اجتماعی از طریق حضور پذیر نمودن فضاهای شهری موجود در محلات می باشد. به علاوه نتایج حاصل از آزمون t–test نشان داد که هیچ یک از شاخص های مطرح شده در این سکونتگاه در وضعیت مطلوبی قرار نداشته و میانگین نمرات به دست آمده از پاسخگویان در سطح معناداری 01/0 کمتر از میانگین نظری می باشد.Spatial-locative organization strategies of informal settlements (Case study: Murad Ab Karaj Hill)
The current research was carried out with the aim of developing spatial- locative organizing strategies of informal settlements. In this regard, data was analyzed using the descriptive-analytical method as a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The research sample includes 50 urban experts and specialists who were purposefully sampled. In order to achieve the goals of the research, SWOT analysis was used first and then QSPM matrix. In the following, the T-test has been used to evaluate the current situation of the informal settlement of Moradab Hill in Karaj. The results of SWOT analysis led to the formation of 14 strengths, 26 weaknesses, 17 opportunities and 17 threats. Next, using quantitative strategic planning (QSPM), the spatial-spatial organization strategy of this settlement was developed. The results of SWOT analysis led to the formation of 14 strengths, 26 weaknesses, 17 opportunities and 17 threats. Also, based on the results of quantitative strategic planning, 5 strategies were identified for the organization of informal settlements in Murad Ab Karaj hill, which include: preparation of a comprehensive study plan for organization related to sustainable urban regeneration in the form of a comprehensive joint action plan with regard to short-term time levels , mid-term, long-term and defining the role of each of the public, private and public participation organizations and institutions; facilitating the entry of the private sector into urban regeneration projects; organizing informal settlements; Using the capacities of the residents of informal settlements to recreate the target neighborhoods and create employment; Increasing security and preventing the occurrence of social harms through making available urban spaces in neighborhoods. In addition, the results of the t-test showed that none of the indicators mentioned in this settlement were in a favorable condition and the average scores obtained from the respondents were lower than the theoretical average at a significance level of 0.01.The formation of the informal settlement and biological center of Morad Ab Karaj Hill, which started in the late 50s, with its marginal position in the city, in recent decades, the discussion of urban poverty and informal settlements is more and more tied to the concept of urban sustainability, the available evidence shows that Many cities in developing countries have not been able to provide favorable conditions for the life of a large part of their residents, on the other hand, due to the poverty of a large group of citizens, many needs have been provided at the expense of the urban environment, and as a result, the urban environment It faces major problems and instability. Karaj has special characteristics. Moradab Hill is located in the eastern part of Karaj city and in the lands of Islamabad, and it is under the supervision of Region 1 of the 12 regions of Karaj Municipality. The disturbances and poverty prevailing in the area have caused that social and cultural relationships are not formed in a proper and appropriate manner with other parts of the city in this place, which has hindered the communication and connection of this space with other urban complexes in the process of forming its historical period, from Therefore, this space (Tepe Murad Ab) continued its life in a fragmented, isolated and introverted way in relation to others, and this caused the said center not to have the necessary legitimacy as an urban biological space, and the programs carried out in the area Also, there has been no effective action in solving the main problem and the problem is still within the limits. Therefore, due to the importance of the issue, spatial-spatial organization of this space and planning to improve the existing situation has been of great importance. Because the intensity of the development of the studied area and the ever-increasing speed of migrations and informal settlements on the one hand and the inability of the municipality and relevant institutions to improve informal structures and organize them on the other hand, the necessity of research on determining the pattern of spatial-spatial organization in Moradab Hill of Karaj made it inevitable. Since the present research deals with the spatial-spatial organization strategies of the informal settlement of Moradab hill in Karaj-Mer, therefore, its method is descriptive-analytical, and to collect the information of this research, library and documentary methods, direct observation methods, and field and survey methods are used. Interviews with urban experts and specialists and preparation of questionnaires were used. After that, a table of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats has been prepared. The research sample includes 50 experts and specialists related to the subject who were purposefully sampled. After selecting the sample population, the evaluation matrix of internal factors (IFE) and external factors (EFE) was formed and in order to determine the coefficient of each factor and make decisions about strategic factors with high and low importance, the opinions of the sample population were used until the results to be used from the matrices to get the final score. In the next step, through the SWOT matrix and comparative assessment, the SWOT matrix was created in the form of SO, ST, WO and WT guidelines, and then, using the QSPM matrix, the most prioritized strategy for the sustainable regeneration of informal settlements in Rasht city was extracted. In the end, T-test was used to evaluate the current situation of this settlement based on economic, social, physical-infrastructural and environmental indicators.
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