تحلیل مؤلفه های نظریه گشتالت در نگاره های ارعاب و وارثان ولایت از آثار مجید مهرگان
آرشیو
چکیده
بیان مسئلهنظریهٔ گشتالت یکی از نظریه های روان شناسی تأثیرگذار بر هنرهای تجسمی در سدهٔ نوزدهم می باشد. چهارچوب اساسی این نظریه این است که تحلیل قسمت های مختلف یک پدیدهٔ روانی، هرچند به طور کلی انجام گیرد، نمی تواند به طور کامل آن را پوشش دهد و برای درک ماهیت آن باید از بالا به پایین و از ساختمان کلی آن به خصوصیاتی که تشکیل دهنده اش است رسید. بر اساس این نظریه، برای شناختن هر چیزی باید اجزای آن را شناخت که با تغییر یکی از این اجزا، قسمت های دیگر نیز دستخوش تغییر می شوند. یک اثر تجسمی می تواند نمونهٔ خوبی برای این موضوع باشد و بهترین شیوه برای فهم اثر، تجزیهٔ آن به عناصر تشکیل دهندهٔ اولیه اش است. هدف پژوهشهدف پژوهش تحلیل عناصر بصری نگاره های فوق بر اساس مؤلفه های نظریهٔ گشتالت است. سؤال پژوهشاصول نظریهٔ گشتالت در نگاره های "ارعاب" و "وارثان ولایت" کدام اند؟ ساختار بصری دو نگاره، از جهت تنوع، ترکیب بندی و زیبایی شناسی چگونه است؟ روش پژوهشتعداد نمونه های این پژوهش، دو اثر از آثاری مجید مهرگان تحت عنوان "ارعاب" و "وارثان ولایت" است که این دو نگاره دارای جلوه های بصری و ترکیب بندی متنوعی می باشند. در این پژوهش بر اساس مدارک جمع آوری شده، داده ها و مبانی نظری، ویژگی های نظریهٔ گشتالت همچون: رابطهٔ نقش و زمینه، مجاورت، تداوم، همپوشانی، شباهت در اندازه، رنگ و... در دو نگارهٔ فوق مورد تحلیل قرار می گیرد. نتیجه گیرینتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان می دهد که اصول نظریهٔ گشتالت با عناصر نگاره های فوق که با ذهن خالق هنرمند نگارگر معاصر ترسیم شده همخوانی دارد، این اصول زیبایی و پویایی نگاره ها را بیشتر می کند. همچنین میزان اثرگذاری هر یک از قوانین گشتالت بر آثار یکسان نمی باشد و پراگنانس های متفاوتی را به وجود می آورد. از این رو تأکید بر یکی از آن ها به عنوان شاخص ترین اصل در نگاره ها کاری غیرقابل تشخیص می باشد و با بررسی آثار مشخص شد که اصول ادراک دیداری گشتالت نقش مؤثری در بهبود فرآیند خوانش آثار فوق دارد.Analysis of the painting works of Majid Mehrgan (paintings of intimidation, heirs of the kingdom) Based on the components of Gestalt theories
Problem Statement : Gestalt theory is one of the psychological theories that influenced the visual arts in the 19th century. The basic framework of this theory is that the analysis of different parts of a psychological phenomenon, even though it is done in general, cannot cover it completely and to understand the nature It should be reached from top to bottom and from its overall structure to its constituent properties. According to this theory, in order to know anything, one must know its parts, and when one of these parts is changed, the other parts are also changed, and a visual work can be a good example for This is the issue and the best way to understand its effect is to break it down into its primary constituent elements.Objectives: The purpose of this research, which is a type of developmental research, is to analyze the visual elements of the above images based on the components of Gestalt theory.Research method: This research is in the field of descriptive and analytical research, and the obtained information is analyzed by the method of studies and library collections with the approach of Gestalt psychology.Conclusion: The results of this research show that the principles of Gestalt theory are consistent with the elements of the above paintings drawn by the creative mind of the contemporary artist. These principles increase the beauty and dynamism of the pictures and create more visual appeal for the audience. Also, the effect of each of the gestalt laws on the works is not the same and creates different pretensions, therefore emphasizing one of them as the most indicative principle in the paintings is an unrecognizable thing. Also, by examining the works, it was found that the principles of Gestalt visual perception play a very effective role in improving the reading process of the above works. Conclusion: The results of this research show that the principles of Gestalt theory are consistent with the elements of the above paintings drawn by the creative mind of the contemporary artist. These principles increase the beauty and dynamism of the pictures and create more visual appeal for the audience. Also, the effect of each of the gestalt laws on the works is not the same and creates different pretensions, therefore emphasizing one of them as the most indicative principle in the paintings is an unrecognizable thing. Also, by examining the works, it was found that the principles of Gestalt visual perception play a very effective role in improving the reading process of the above works.Conclusion: The results of this research show that the principles of Gestalt theory are consistent with the elements of the above paintings drawn by the creative mind of the contemporary artist. These principles increase the beauty and dynamism of the pictures and create more visual appeal for the audience. Also, the effect of each of the gestalt laws on the works is not the same and creates different pretensions, therefore emphasizing one of them as the most indicative principle in the paintings is an unrecognizable thing. Also, by examining the works, it was found that the principles of Gestalt visual perception play a very effective role in improving the reading process of the above works.keywords: painting. Majid Mehrgan. Gestalt theory.ReferencesArnheim, Rudolph, (2008), Dynamics of Architectural Forms. Translated by Mehrdad Qayyumi Bidhandi. Tehran: Art Academy. Azhend, Yaqoub, (2004), European painters in Iran: Safavid period. Fine Arts, No. 19, pp. 75-83. Brunel, Philippe, (2016), Gestalt therapy. Translated by Marzieh Ziyai (2015), Isfahan: Konkash Publishing. Taqvi Belsi, Muzaffar and Seyyed Mohammad Amin Roshanas, (2013), Basics of visual arts. Tehran: Academic Jihad Publications.Delfani, Fatemeh and Dadkhah, Pejman and Darwish, Afsana, (2019), examining the spiritual aspects of Iranian painting. The 3rd International Congress of Innovation and Research in Humanities and Islamic Sciences, Tehran. Zare, Fatemeh and Hamidi, Hamid, (2019), study of the application of Gestalt principles in the design of contemporary visual signs in Iran. 2nd National Conference on Humanities and Development, Shiraz. Shamshiri, Maryam and Dadkhah, Pejman, (2017), an attitude on thematic diversity and the evolution of painting in Iran. The second national conference on sustainable development in archaeology, history and art of Iran, Tehran.Moghadam Qashchian, Asghar and Ghajavand, Maryam, (2017), examining the structural features of painting in the works of three post-modern artists (with a case study of the works of Farah Usuli, Doghlouhai Singh and Shahzia Sekander).Kenbai, Sheila, (1378), Iranian painting, translated by Mehdi Hosseini, Tehran: University of Arts Publications. Mafi Tabar, Amina; Kateb, Fatemeh and Hosami, Mansour, (2017), a pictorial examination of Sani al-Mulk's paintings of One Thousand and One Nights with the theory of "visual perception" of the Gestalt school, Negreh Bahar Magazine, No. 45, pp. 72-87.
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