تحلیل پدیدارشناختی فرهنگ خوابگاهی: تجربیات و ادراکات دانشجویان دختر از زندگی خوابگاهی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
فرهنگ خوابگاهی به عنوان زیرمجموعه ای از فرهنگ دانشگاهی موضوعی بسیار مهم است، چراکه به طور مستقیم بر زندگی فردی و اجتماعی دانشجویان تأثیرگذار است. به رغم اهمیت این موضوع، در کشور ما سیاست گذاران آموزش عالی چندان به آن نپرداخته اند. هدف این مقاله، بیان چالش ها و فرصت های زندگی خوابگاهی دانشجویان دختر است. این تحقیق با روش کیفی و رویکرد پدیدارشناسی صورت گرفته است. با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری هدفمند 10 نفر از دانشجویان دختر ساکن در خوابگاه دانشگاه ارومیه که حداقل دو ترم و حداکثر پنج ترم سابقه حضور در خوابگاه را داشتند، انتخاب شدند. داده ها از طریق مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته جمع آوری شده است. مصاحبه ها تا زمان اشباع ادامه یافتند و با روش کولایزی مورد تحلیل و تجزیه قرار گرفتند. یافته های این تحقیق نشان می دهد که زندگی در خوابگاه های دانشجویی برای دختران دانشجو همراه با چالش های و فرصت های متعددی است. چالش های زندگی خوابگاهی از دیدگاه دختران دانشجو عبارت اند از: نداشتن حریم خصوصی، بی نظمی در ساعت خواب وبیداری، بی ثباتی شخصیت، کم بودن امکانات خوابگاهی، فشار روحی روانی و به حاشیه رفتن درس خواندن. در کنار این چالش ها، دانشجویان به فرصت های زندگی خوابگاهی هم اشاره کرده اند. فرصت هایی چون استقلال فردی، تکامل شخصیت، کسب تجارب زندگی اجتماعی، خود مدیریت زندگی و تقویت روحیه همکاری، بخشی از مهم ترین فرصت هایی بودند که دانشجویان به آن اشاره کرده اند؛ بنابراین بر مبنای این یافته ها فرهنگ خوابگاه های دانشجویی در کنار چالش ها و مشکلاتی که برای دانشجویان ایجاد می کنند می توانند فرصت ها و زمینه های ارتقای توانمندی و مهارت های زندگی اجتماعی دانشجویان را فراهم کنند تا منجر به رشد فردی و اجتماعی دانشجویان شود.Phenomenological analysis of dormitory culture: Female students' experiences and perceptions of dormitory life
Extended abstractIntroduction and statement of the problem: Dormitory culture as a subset of university culture is a very important subject, because it directly affects the personal and social life of students. Despite the importance of this issue, higher education policymakers have not paid much attention to it in our country. For many of our young people, the student dormitory is an inappropriate substitute for a safe family environment. Having support and living with the family is an important psychological, emotional and social need in all age groups. Many studies have shown that the prevalence of emotional and mental disorders in students living in dormitories is higher than in students not living in the dormitories. Being in a dormitory, in addition to being away from one's family and former relationship network, also living in it may impose problems on a person; On the other hand, there is a possibility that the dormitory environment is a source of support for a person due to the presence of peers and the scientific atmosphere that dominates it. Despite this, dormitories often focus only on physical aspects such as providing sleeping space and basic facilities without considering the social needs of students. However, many studies have shown that students are not satisfied with the physical facilities of the dormitories. Therefore, the issue of dormitory culture for female students is more sensitive than for male students, and due to having more restrictions, it seems that living in student dormitories is associated with more harm for them. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the experiences of female students in facing the dormitory life.Materials and methods: In this research, according to the nature of its subject, qualitative method and phenomenological approach have been used. The statistical population in this research are female students living in student dormitories in Urmia University. The statistical sample in this research was 10 people who were selected in a purposeful way from among the female students living in the dormitories of Urmia University who had at least two semesters and at most five semesters of attendance in the dormitories. Getting first-hand experiences or lived experience can only be done by interviewing people who have had this experience themselves. For this purpose, a semi-structured interview was used in this research to collect data. In the interviews, the students were asked to express their experiences of living in the dormitory. The method of data analysis in this research was done using the Colaizzi's method. The credibility of this research has been achieved by using the components of reliability, originality, transferability, reliability and verifiability, as well as presenting the research results to the participants and recording the research process accurately. In determining the validity of the research, the strategies of confirmation of the participants, involvement of the researcher with the investigated phenomenon, evaluation and consensus of other researchers on the determined concepts and categories have been used.Discussion of the findings and conclusions: The findings of this research show that living in student dormitories for female students comes with many challenges and opportunities. The challenges of dormitory life from the point of view of female students are: lack of privacy, irregular sleeping and waking hours, personality instability, lack of dormitory facilities, mental-psychological pressure, and studying on the sidelines. Besides these challenges, students have also mentioned the opportunities of dormitory life. Opportunities such as individual independence, personality development, gaining social life experiences, self-management of life and strengthening the spirit of cooperation were part of the most important opportunities mentioned by the students. Therefore, based on these findings, the culture of student dormitories, along with the challenges and problems they create for students, can provide opportunities and fields to improve students' ability and social life skills to lead to personal growth and Students become social.If there is one point to be discussed as the final result of this research, it is that the dormitory culture, although within itself, brings opportunities and positive consequences; But its challenges and negative aspects are more in our country. The paradigm model of this research clearly shows this fact. However, the dormitory management in our country has been wrong from the beginning and no plan has been presented for this part of university culture. The dormitory is only a four-walled one with minimal facilities and has been prepared for students to sleep. It is not important for the university authorities what kind of relations and problems exist within these four walls. This method of management has been until today and along with other factors, it has caused the deterioration of academic culture and the reduction of the quality of universities in Iran. It is on this basis that the expression "eclipse of academic culture" is used in Iran for the situation.
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