چگونگی تاثیر ازدواج در تابعیت زن و شوهر در نظام حقوقی ایران با نگاهی به نظام حقوقی ترکیه (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
امروزه یکی از مسائل مهمی که در عرصه داخلی و بین المللی دولت ها مطرح می شود بحث تابعیت است و هر دولتی سعی می کند با وضع قواعد مشخص، مسائل تابعیتی اتباع خود را تعیین کند. از جمله مواردی که می تواند در کسب تابعیت یک کشور موثر باشد، ازدواج است که بسته به شرایطی که برای آن منعقد شده است می تواند منجر به اعطای تابعیت و یا سلب تابعیت از افراد شود. نظام حقوقی ایران در این خصوص میان زن و مرد قائل به تفکیک شده است و نسبت به زن و مرد دیدگاه یکسانی ندارد؛ در حالی که در نظام حقوقی ترکیه در این خصوص تفاوتی میان زن و مرد وجود ندارد.این تحقیق که به صورت تحلیلی توصیفی می باشد به مسئله تابعیت و طرق کسب آن و تاثیر ازدواج در کسب و از دست دادن تابعیت ایران و ترکیه توسط زن و شوهر پرداخته است. با توجه به مواد قانونی این دو کشور در بحث تابعیت می توان این گونه بیان کرد که در نظام حقوقی ایران، چگونگی ازدواج و شرعی و قانونی بودن آن می تواند در تابعیت زن و مرد ایرانی تاثیرگذار باشد و حتی در مواردی موجب سلب تابعیت ایرانی از افراد شود در حالی که در نظام حقوقی ترکیه دیدگاه متفاوتی وجود دارد.How Marriage impacts the Nationality of Couples in the Iranian Legal System with a Glance at Turkey's Legal System
Today, one of the important issues that are raised in the domestic and international arena of governments is the issue of nationality, and every government tries to determine the nationality issues of its nationals by establishing specific rules. One of the things that can be effective in acquiring the nationality of a country is marriage which, depending on the conditions stipulated concerning it, can lead to either the granting or deprivation of nationality. In this regard, the Iranian legal system has distinguished between men and women and does not have the same view concerning them; while the Turkish legal system, does not recognize such a difference. This research, which is analytical and descriptive, has addressed the issue of nationality, the methods of its acquisition and the effect of marriage on the acquisition and loss of Iranian and Turkish nationality by either husband or wife.According to the statutory articles of these two countries governing the issue of nationality, it can be stated that in the Iranian legal system, the type of marriage and its legitimacy and legality can affect the national status of Iranian men and women and even in certain cases, may lead to deprivation of Iranian nationality from individuals, while the Turkish legal system adopts a different perspective on this matter. The Iranian legislator, while distinguishing between Iranian women and men who marry foreign nationals, has simultaneously accepted the principle of family unity and the principle of individual freedom. In such a way that, with regard to the Iranian woman, if she marries a foreign man whose national law imposes the husband’s nationality on the wife, then the principle of family unity is acknowledged. However, if an Iranian woman marries a foreign man whose national law does not impose the husband's nationality on the wife, then the principle of individual freedom is recognized. For a marriage that affects the nationality of the husband and wife to be valid, Article 1059 of the Civil Code must be observed. If a religious marriage has not been conducted between the man and woman, the nationality of individuals cannot be changed based on the marriage. In the Turkish legal system, merely marrying a Turkish citizen does not automatically grant Turkish citizenship to the individual. However, this person can acquire Turkish citizenship if legal conditions are met, without needing to apply for nationality and fulfilling the necessary requirements based on Article 11 of the Turkish nationality law. In other words, the accepted principle in this country regarding the relationship between husband and wife within the family is the principle of individual freedom and the non-necessity of the unity of nationality for husband and wife.
تبلیغات
