ارزیابی اثرات اقتصادی و اجتماعی شهرک صنعتی شیرین عسل در توسعه نواحی روستایی شهرستان شبستر (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی اثرات اقتصادی و اجتماعی شهرک صنعتی شیرین عسل در توسعه نواحی روستایی پیرامونی در شهرستان شبستر انجام گرفته است. روش تحقیق در پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و برای جمع آوری اطلاعات از ابزار پرسشنامه استفاده شده است که روایی آن از سوی کارشناسان مطالعات روستایی مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. پایایی آن، با انجام پیش آزمون و محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ بررسی و تأیید شده است. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه شامل5 روستاهای پیرامون شهرک صنعتی شیرین عسل شبستر می باشد که طبق سرشماری سال 1395 در مجموع دارای6357 نفر جمعیت است و جامعه نمونه طبق فرمول کوکران350 نفر برآورد شده است. انتخاب جامعه نمونه جهت تکمیل پرسشنامه های میدانی به روش تصادفی سیستماتیک بوده است و تعداد نمونه ها نیز به روش طبقه-ای و برمبنای نسبت جمعیت توزیع شده است. برای تحلیل داده ها از طریق آزمون های t مستقل تک نمونه ای و آزمون Anova تفاوت میانگین و معناداری ابعاد مختلف مورد سنجش قرار گرفته است. نتایج آثار شهرک صنعتی در منطقه مورد مطالعه، مجموع میانگین بعد اقتصادی4/74 و در بعد اجتماعی 3/91 را نشان می دهد، بررسی تک تک شاخص های اقتصادی و اجتماعی نشان می دهد که بیشترین و کمترین تأثیر شهرک صنعتی در شاخص های اقتصادی به ترتیب شامل فرصت اشتغال برای افراد بومی و کاهش نیروی کار در کشاورزی بوده است در شاخص های اجتماعی نیز به ترتیب شامل مهاجرپذیری روستاها و افزایش فرصت ادامه تحصیل برای روستاییان بوده است. همچنین نتایج حاصله نشان می دهد که تأثیرات شهرک صنعتی شیرین عسل بر روی ابعاد اقتصادی و اجتماعی روستاهای پیرامونی مثبت بوده است.Evaluation of the economic and social effects of Shirin Asal industrial town in the development of rural areas of Shebastar city
IntroductionRural development is one of the goals of governments, especially in developing countries; Because the villages, having many natural resources and agriculture, due to the existence of many problems and problems such as poverty, unemployment, weak economic infrastructure, lack of endogenous service activities, low productivity rate in the agricultural sector and rural production sector and decline Natural resources, development and creation of sustainable employment are limited in it. This issue has caused rural development to receive special attention in recent decades, and theorists, planners, and government executives are trying to come up with new strategies and solutions for the problems and issues that these areas are facing. , reduce One of these strategies that is of interest in most countries of the world and its implementation has brought positive results is the development and expansion of industries in rural areas; In other words, by increasing public welfare, reducing poverty and creating positive effects in other dimensions of development, the action for the development of rural industries can provide the basis for creating a suitable living space in environmental, social and cultural dimensions for the villagers. The creation of towns and industrial areas is one of the common approaches of industrialization in order to facilitate and concentrate activities and actions. The development of industrial areas is a suitable stimulus for the formation of industrial units and a suitable platform for increasing the production and productivity of active industries and As a result, it increases the sustainability of industrialization in the village. One of the most important duties of the government is planning to reduce the problems of the people. In the third world countries, especially in Iran, the problems in rural areas are doubly burdening the villagers, so that the pressure on agricultural land, the low standard of living and the unemployment of the rural workforce are among the most important of them, which seems to be Industrialization of villages can be the best strategy in this regard. MethodologyAccording to the nature of the problem and the subject under investigation, the research method in the present study is descriptive-analytical and a questionnaire was used to collect information. The statistical population under study includes 5 villages around Shirin Asal Shabstar industrial town, which according to the census of 2015 has a total of 6357 people based on Table 1, and the sample population is estimated to be 350 people according to Cochran's formula. The selection of the sample population to complete the field questionnaires was done by a systematic random method, and the number of samples was distributed according to the stratified method and based on the population ratio. In order to analyze the data, the results of the questionnaire have been analyzed in the SPSS software environment with relevant statistical tests according to the nature of the research. In this context, 2 dimensions (social and economic), 39 indicators have been compiled for the purpose of evaluating the effects of industrial towns in the development of rural areas around Shirin Asal Shabster industrial town. For data analysis, the mean difference and significance of different dimensions have been measured through independent one-sample t-tests and Anova test.Results and DiscussionThe results of the descriptive findings of the research based on 350 questionnaires distributed among the sample size indicate that 319 were men and 31 were women. The highest frequency of 156 respondents were in the category of 41-50 years, which accounted for 45% of the sample size. In terms of level of education, among the four levels of education, elementary and illiterate, under-diploma, post-diploma, bachelor and above, the highest frequency of respondents with 194 people, equal to 55%, was in the diploma level. According to the results of the research on the effect of industrial towns on the development of the economic indicators of the villages of the region, 5 people (1.42 percent) answered very little, 21 people (6 percent) answered moderately, 55 people (15.71 percent) answered high. And 269 people (76.85 percent) answered too much. The average economic impact of the industrial town in the villages of the region has been obtained with a 5-point Likert scale of 4.74. The mean difference was obtained with t-test -0.41. According to the results of the research on the effect of industrial towns on the development of the economic indicators of the villages of the region, 15 people (4.28%) answered very little, 42 people (12%) answered moderately, 68 people (19.44%) answered high. And 225 people (64.28%) have answered too much. The average social impact of the industrial town in the villages of the region is 3.91 on a 5-point Likert scale. The mean difference was obtained with t-test -1.27.ConclusionIn this research, the economic and social effects of Shirin Asal industrial town in the rural area of Eastern Goni district in the central part of Shabastar city have been investigated. The research data shows that the establishment of the industrial town has had positive and negative effects on the villages of the region in economic and social dimensions. The results of the industrial town in the studied villages show that the total average of the economic indicators is 4.74 and the social dimension is 3.91. Therefore, according to the respondents, relatively, the industrial town has been relatively effective in both economic and social aspects. The examination of each economic and social indicators shows that the greatest and the least impact of the industrial town in the economic indicators included employment opportunities for local people and the reduction of the labor force in agriculture, respectively, in the social indicators also included the acceptance of immigrants respectively. villages and increasing the opportunity to continue education for the villagers. The presence of an industrial town in the area has overall positive effects on rural development indicators, and the degree of impact includes economic and social dimensions respectively.
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