تبیین الگوی موزه محله در جهت حفظ و ارتقاء بافت های با ارزش تاریخی مطالعه موردی منطقه ۱۲ تهران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
محلات تاریخی از عناصر اصلی بافت تاریخی و صحنه بسیاری از رخدادهای تاریخ ساز و پیونددهنده فضاهای فرهنگی و تاریخی شهر است، که هویت اجتماعی و فرهنگی شهر را در طول تاریخ به نمایش می گذارد. یکی از راهکارها در راستای حفظ، نگهداری و ارتقاء این بافت ها استفاده از الگوی بازآفرینی خلاق، که مبتنی بر ارتباط میان اقتصاد و فرهنگ و تولید مکان های خلاق و نوآوراست. در این زمینه مراکز تاریخی شهرها از ظرفیت های بی نظیری برای ساخت و باززنده سازی فضاهای خلاق موردنیاز جهت جذب و نگهداری گروه های نوآور برخوردار است. ازجمله الگوهای بازآفرینی خلاق در بافت های تاریخی شهر تبدیل شهر به موزه محله می باشد. موزه-محله ها در دل خود هم پایگاه های ارزشمندی ازنظر فرهنگ ملی و محلی هستند و هم مجموعه های قدرتمندی برای تولید ثروت و آورده های مالی است. لذا با توجه به آثار تاریخی و ظرفیت بالای این آثار در منطقه 12 شهر تهران امکان تبدیل محلات این منطقه به یک موزه فضایی باز و استفاده از این آثار تاریخی به عنوان اشیاء موزه وجود دارد، که این اقدام ضمن حفاظت از محلات با ارزش تاریخی اقدامی در راستای بهبود توان اقتصادی محله، احیاء محلات تاریخی مناطق و بازآفرینی شهری در این محلات خواهد شد. پژوهش حاضر در پی ارائه الگویی به روش توصیفی –تحلیلی با استفاده از اسناد کتابخانه ای و داده های میدانی (پرسش نامه و مصاحبه) است، که پس از مصاحبه با خبرگان و جمع آوری پرسشنامه، نتایج حاصله با استفاده از نرم افزارهای SPSS,SMART- PLS، مورد تجزیه وتحلیل قرار گرفت و مدل ارائه شده در خصوص الگوی موزه محله در جهت حفظ و ارتقا بافت های باارزش تاریخی مورد تائید قرار گرفت.Explaining the Pattern of the Neighborhood Museum in order to Preserve and Enhance the Historical Valuable Textures Case Study: District 12 of Tehran
Extended Abstract Introduction Traditional- historical textures are the undeniable realities of cities that have a historical background. Members and areas of the city that had life in a not so distant time and experienced the material and spiritual comings and goings of the people of that time. In other words, the ancient textures of the city are creative and lively places to understand the state of human beings in the world and their connection with the past; it is a place for changing the environment and changing the perspective of life. Due to the historical power and attractions of the old textures in the neighborhoods of cities, creating a "neighborhood museum" in cities is a strong possibility for many cities which based on it, revival of historical texture is possible. Historical neighborhoods are the main elements of historical textures and the scene of many historic events and linking of the cultural and historical spaces of the city, which showing the social and cultural identity of the city throughout history. In this regard, one of the courses of action to preserve, maintain and enhance this texture is using of creative regeneration pattern that is based on the connection between economics, culture and producing creative and innovative places. In this filed, the historical centers of the cities have unique capacities for building and revitalizing the needed creative spaces to attract and retain innovative groups. One of the patterns of creative re-creation in the historical context of the city, is the transforming the city into a neighborhood museum. Neighborhoods museum are also valuable sites in terms of national and local culture and they are also powerful collection for producing wealth and financial gain. Tehran in the present era, has several historical sites which indicate the ups and downs of the city because it was a place of many historical actions and influential events in the country. Therefore, considering the historical monuments and the high capacity of these monuments in the district 12 of Tehran, it is possible to turn the neighborhoods of this area into an open space museum and use these monuments as museum objects. Which this action, while protecting the valuable historical sites, it will be an action towards improving the neighborhood's economic potential, revitalization of historical neighborhood of districts and urban regeneration in these neighborhoods. So the main issue in this research is presenting the pattern of the neighborhood museum in the historical textures of the district 12 of Tehran. Methodology This research is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive-analytical and correlation in aspect of data collection. Also, this study initially identified and interviewed experts using non-random snowball sampling. Then, through random sampling method, a questionnaire was distributed among the residents of district 12 of Tehran. The sample size in the present study was 371 via Cochran's formula. Two methods, library and field, have been used to collect information. The analysis in the present study was performed by using of SMART-PLS and SPSS software programs. Results and discussion After a deep interview with experts of geography and social sciences; dimensions, components and main characteristics of the neighborhood museum and valuable historical textures were extracted by using of content analysis method. The final research model in the form of external reflection model of standard coefficients estimate and the external reflection model in the form of significant coefficients were obtained. The main components were identified to present the pattern of the neighborhood museum in the valuable historical textures that economic component (historical texture) with 94 percent agreement and an average rating of 9.9, physical and social component with 92 and 93 percent agreement and an average rating of 8.8, are known as the most important components of a network organization. On the other hand, On the other hand, the economic component of the neighborhood museum with a rating of 7.7 and physical with a rating of 6 were ranked third and fourth. And finally, the institutional component with an average of 5 has the last rank. Conclusion The present study’s aim was to present the model of the neighborhood museum in the historical textures of cities with emphasis on district 12 of Tehran as a case study. At first, while examining the current situation in this region, the existing problems and issues in the neighborhood including: social problems, worn-out texture, and physical instability, low level of urban services, low quality of life and security were analyzed. After a deep interview with experts the dimensions, components and characteristics of the research were extracted and a questionnaire was prepared. And after analyzing the questionnaire by using of the mentioned software, the status and impact of each of the extracted components was achieved in the neighborhood museum and the proposed model for the neighborhood museum model has been endorsed to preserve and enhance valuable historical texture.
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