تحلیل بازنمایی مکان زندگی روزمره در آثار عکاسان معاصر ایران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مکان زندگی روزمره، ازجمله موضوعاتی است که همواره موردتوجه هنرمندان معاصر بوده است. دلیل این امر نه تنها ارزش گذاری به مکان، بلکه تلاشی بر دیالکتیکی بودن تأمل و درک انتقادی از فرهنگ و زندگی روزمره بوده است. نمایش فضای خصوصی ازجمله خانه در هنر به ویژه عکاسی، در معنابخشی به زندگی روزمره مهم تلقی گشته و به درک امر روزمره به عنوان موضوعی درخور تأمل می انجامد. این مقاله بر آن است با طرح این پرسش که هدف از بازنمایی خانه در آثار عکاسان معاصر ایرانی چه بوده است، به تحلیل بازنمایی مکان در آثارشان نائل آید. مطالعه آثار و تحلیل نشانه های صریح و ضمنی نمایش مکان زندگی روزمره در آثار این هنرمندان، گویای این امر است که بازنمایی خانه در این آثار به منظور بازنمایی امر روزمره، بازیابی خاطرات، حس نوستالژیک و نقد مدرنیته صورت گرفته و هنرمندان با طرح این پرسش ضمنی برای مخاطب که آدم های این مکان ها کجا رفته اند و چگونه می توان این مکان ها را دوباره احیا کرد، به خلق اثر پرداخته اند. این پژوهش کیفی و روش تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی می باشد. نقد مدرنیته، حس نوستالژیک، اهمیت به مکان زندگی روزمره و خانه، بازیابی خاطرات، ازجمله اهداف مشترک هنرمندان در بازنمایی مکان زیسته و تجربه شده در زندگی روزمره بوده است. یافته های این پژوهش و نتایج این بررسی در جداولی مجزا بر اساس الگوی هولستی در انتهای مقاله قبل از نتیجه گیری ارائه شده است. همچنین در جدولی دیگر مدل تحلیلی داده های این پژوهش رسم گردیده است. عکس ها و نقاشی های این مقاله با توجه به پرسش پژوهش و بر اساس نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شده اند.The Representation of Everyday Life Location in Contemporary Photographers’ Artworks of Iran
Everyday life location, is one of the subjects which is always attractive for contemporary artists. The reasons are not only respecting the location but also attempting to further dialectic thinking and critical understanding of everyday life and culture. Presenting intimate environments including a home in a piece of art specifically photography and painting is considered important due to valuating everyday life and helps better understand everyday issues as a subject for contemplation. This writing aims to analyze the representation of home as a private location of living in artworks of Iranian contemporary photographers and painters by raising the question about the reasons for demonstrating everyday life location in art pieces.
The study of works and analysis of symbols of explicit and implicit representation of everyday life location in art pieces tells that representing home in artworks is actually the representation of everyday life issues, memories, nostalgia, and criticism of modernity and artists are raising this explicit question from the audiences that where the people of these places have left and how these places can be revived. The findings of this study are demonstrated in a table based on the Holsty Model at the end of the paper before the conclusion. Photos and paintings of this writing are collected with respect to the research question and on the basis of purposive sampling.
Despite Moder Art, contemporary art insists on location and refers to a geographical entity, admitting contemporary art's political and social roles. In this respect, contemporary art is mixed with cultural and identical symbols. (Haman, 194). The point that should not be neglected is that contemporary citizens constantly face contrasts and contractions in the modern era.
Since being modern means being current in the present, it can be a synonym for distancing from tradition or even criticizing it and creating social and intellectual transformation and evolution.
Ordinary everyday life makes us not seek concepts of it. In other words, it is an ordinary name that just reminds times passed. Everyday life is something that happens naturally and is considered as something wrong compared to original life. The location of everyday life seems to be ordinary and boring just like everyday life, though challenging it in artworks creates new meanings. Everyday life location is formed by constructions and can even form the constructions itself.
Actually, everyday life and its location are much more important than what you think. Trivial issues of life are a representation of cultural and social orders (English 1391: 26). Due to the separation and divisions of mass culture from elite culture, cultural and social studies neglected to focus on everyday life and its other compartments as location. Despite the compression of time and space in modern art and the abstraction of these two processes, the representation of place, especially the house, has played a central role in the works of many Iranian artists. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the content of the representation of the house in the works of Iranian artists as a place with lived experience. These works are an attempt to reveal destiny, to demystify its power, and to address the power of knowledge and the influence of hidden power in the interior of the realm of private life.
Unlike modern art, contemporary art is spatial and gives importance to cultural and political geography. What is important in the contemporary era is the artwork's spatiality and its spatial significance. Because places are full of identity and this is precisely why the issue of identity is at the center of contemporary art and is considered a social and political matter. Therefore, contemporary art also gives importance to environmental and ecological art, because these arts are more about the place. In their works, contemporary Iranian artists deal with the place of everyday life as a factor in searching for identity. And its rereading and representation give meaning to the question of where the homeland, home is, and motherland. Sometimes, by emptying the space of people, they raise the question, who are we? Where have the people of these places gone? Or who did these places belong to? They are trying to reread the past and return to their national and territorial identities. Criticism of modernity, nostalgic feeling, importance to the place of everyday life and home, and retrieving memories, have been among the common goals of artists in representing the place lived and experienced in everyday life. Although time and space are abstracted and compressed in modern art, these artists represent the place and the objects inside it, as well as by emphasizing the obvious and hidden details of the environment and surrounding objects, as well as exploring things that seem mundane, With the help of a camera lens or canvas, they increase the understanding of the necessities governing our existence. Therefore, by studying these works, both the structural transformations imposed on places and objects due to the passage of time and the changes of the owners of these places can be read. Ownership changes are the result of moving away from tradition and entering the new stage of modernization. In such a way that the house in front of the camera is different from the house we live in. A place with unconscious influence. Here, photos and paintings enter the scene by zooming, deleting, displaying, expanding and separating, enlarging and reducing.
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