چکیده

توزیع مناسب درآمد و کاهش نابرابری یکی از اهداف دولت ها است. برای دستیابی به این هدف سیاست های مختلف و ابزارهای گوناگون به کار می گیرند یکی از ابزارها حداقل دستمزد است. در این پژوهش اثر حداقل دستمزد بر توزیع درآمد در 7 کشور در حال توسعه شامل ( پاکستان، ارمنستان، ایران، بلاروس، شیلی، مصر و گرجستان) و 7 کشور توسعه یافته منتخب جهان شامل (آمریکا، فرانسه، ژاپن، سوئد، هلند، بلژیک و کانادا ) با توجه به توسعه یافتگی و میزان درآمد سرانه حداکثر شباهت ها را دارند، انتخاب شده اند که در طول سال های 2000تا 2020 با حداقل مربعات تعمیم یافته مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. نتایج نشان می دهد که در کشورهای در حال توسعه و توسعه یافته افزایش حداقل دستمزد باعث بهبود توزیع درآمد می شود و شدت اثرگذاری این سیاست در کشورهای توسعه یافته خیلی بیش تر از اثرگذاری این سیاست در کشورهای در حال توسعه است. بنابراین کشورهای در حال توسعه و توسعه یافته باید حداقل دستمزد را متناسب با نرخ تورم افزایش دهند و باعث بهبود توزیع درآمد شوند.

The Effect of the Minimum wage on the Income Distribution of Developingband Developed Countries

Appropriate distribution of income and reduction of inequality are one of the government’s goals. Different policies and tools are used to achieve this and the minimum wage is one of them. In this study, the effects of minimum wages on income distribution, due to the most similarities in development and per capita income were studied in 7 selected developing countries including (Pakistan, Armenia, Iran, Belarus, Chile, Egypt, Georgia) and 7 selected developed/development countries including (USA, France, Japan, Sweden, Netherlands, Belgium, and Canada) with generalized minimum squares from the years 2000 to 2020. The results show that, in developing and developed countries, an increase in the minimum wage, improves income distribution and the effects of this policy in developed countries are much greater than in developing countries. Therefore, developing and developed countries should increase the minimum wage in proportion to the rate of inflation to progress and improve income distribution.Appropriate distribution of income and reduction of inequality are one of the government’s goals. Different policies and tools are used to achieve this and the minimum wage is one of them. In this study, the effects of minimum wages on income distribution, due to the most similarities in development and per capita income were studied in 7 selected developing countries including (Pakistan, Armenia, Iran, Belarus, Chile, Egypt, Georgia) and 7 selected developed/development countries including (USA, France, Japan, Sweden, Netherlands, Belgium, and Canada) with generalized minimum squares from the years 2000 to 2020. The results show that, in developing and developed countries, an increase in the minimum wage, improves income distribution and the effects of this policy in developed countries are much greater than in developing countries. Therefore, developing and developed countries should increase the minimum wage in proportion to the rate of inflation to progress and improve income distribution.

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