ارزیابی شاخص های شهر مطلوب سالمندان (نمونه موردمطالعه: شهر یاسوج) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
امروزه جوامع بشری با مسئله بزرگ افزایش شدید نسبت جمعیت سالمندان به کل جمعیت، روبه رو هستند. علت این مسئله، پیشرفت های بهداشتی و پزشکی و کاهش آمار موالید و مرگ ومیر است. در این میان، نکته مهم آن است که 60 درصد افراد سالمند در کشورهای درحال توسعه زندگی می کنند؛ کشورهایی که آمادگی لازم برای رویارویی با پدیده سالمندی و پیامدهای بهداشتی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی آن را ندارند. هدف از این پژوهش ارزیابی شاخص های شهر مطلوب سالمندان و ارزیابی مهم ترین بعد در شهر یاسوج می باشد. این تحقیق بر اساس هدف «کاربردی» و ازلحاظ ماهیت و روش «توصیفی-تحلیلی» می باشد. شیوه گردآوری اطلاعات شامل مطالعات کتابخانه ای (فیش برداری و اسنادی) و مطالعات میدانی (پرسش نامه) است. جهت تحلیل داده ها از مدل های تحلیل آماری در SPSS شامل آزمون T تک نمونه ای، تحلیل رگرسیون چند متغیره و تحلیل عاملی استفاده شد. نتایج ارزیابی شاخص ها نشان داد که شهر یاسوج ازنظر مطلوبیت برای سالمندان از شرایط مناسب و باکیفیتی برخوردار نبوده و در طراحی و ساخت شهر یاسوج، رفاه و آسایش سالمندان به درستی موردتوجه قرار نگرفته و فقط در برخی از ابعاد به این امر توجه شده است.Evaluating Indicators of the Desirable City for the Elderly (Case Study: Yasuj City)
Like most people in Iran, the citizens of the city of Yasuj are elderly. According to the Statistics Center of Iran (2016), out of the total population of Yasuj (n= 134532), 5362 people are elderly which makes up about 3.98 percent of its citizens. Currently, few facilities, arrangements, and welfare services have been considered for this group in Yasuj which has caused their deprivation from urban spaces and different communities. Hence, this study tried to investigate and analyze the indicators of a desirable city for the elderly in case of Yasuj, and answer the questions “whether the needs of this section of society have been met in the planning and design of the city?” and “which index has received the greatest attention in final evaluation of the indicators of the desirable city for the elderly in Yasuj?” The data collection includes library and field studies. To analyze the indicators of the desirable city for the elderly in Yasuj, the required data were first collected using a questionnaire, and then, the subject was studied using statistical analysis models in SPSS including one-sample t-test and multivariate regression analysis. Moreover, to investigate the validity of the components evaluated in this study, the exploratory factor analysis model was used. The statistical population of the study consists of all residents (aging 60 years) in the city of Yasuj. Later, using Cochran's formula, 380 people were selected through simple random sampling. To evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used, so that based on the obtained numerical value (0.87), the reliability of the questionnaire was considered as excellent. The results showed that of the five studied dimensions, the access dimension with an average value (3.35) had the best status and the most desirable dimension for the elderly. Respectively, the two dimensions of security (with an average value off 3.07) and urban furniture (with an average value of 3.02) had the best situation among the evaluated dimensions for the elderly. The transportation dimension (with an average value of 2.47) and the passages (with an average value of 2.56) had the worst situation from the perspective of the elderly in this analysis, so they were in a very unfavorable situation.
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