تحلیل مفهوم برکت در هنر عیلامی و مقایسه آن با نقوش رایج در سفالگری قرون میانی اسلامی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مفهوم برکت و باروری یکی از اصلی ترین وجوه تفکر بشری است. برکت و باروری و فراوانی با حیات انسان رابطه مستقیمی دارد؛ ازاین رو می توان بازنمود آن را به صورت نوشتار و تصویر بر آثار هنری بررسی کرد. تحقیق حاضر در پی پاسخ به این پرسش است که مفهوم برکت و باروری در هنر کهن ایرانی به ویژه در تمدن عیلامی چگونه ظاهر شده و نمودهای این مفهوم در سفالینه های دوره اسلامی چگونه است. هدف تحقیق، تبیین مفهوم فلسفی برکت در هنر ایرانی و شناسایی نمادهای رمزی آن بر سفالینه های ایرانی اسلامی است. مقایسه شیوه های بیان برکت در کهن ترین هنرهای ایرانی با نمونه های سمبلیک آن در هنر سفالگری قرون میانی دوره اسلامی از اهداف پژوهش حاضر است. نوع پژوهش از نظر هدف بنیادی است. روش تحقیق توصیفی تحلیلی است و روش گردآوری مطالب کتابخانه ای از طریق فیش برداری و تصویرخوانی است. روش تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها کیفی است. بر اساس یافته های تحقیق در هنر عیلامی مفهوم برکت علاوه بر اینکه در متن ها و کتیبه های نوشتاری بر روی مهر ها و ظروف ظاهر شده است، به صورت نمادهای تصویری حیوانی مانند پرنده، ماهی، نمادهای گیاهی مانند درخت زندگی، و نمادهای انتزاعی مانند خطوط زیگزاگ، دایره و مارپیچ، نماد ستاره ای و ایزدی به چشم می خورد. در سفالگری قرون میانی اسلامی نیز علاوه بر اینکه کتیبه های نوشتاری مفهوم برکت، یمن و سعادت را به صورت دعا نشان می دهند، همان نشان های تصویری نماد برکت در هنر عیلامی، مصور بر سفالینه ها در کنار واژه برکت هستند.Analysis of the concept of blessing in Elamite art and its comparison with the concept of common illustrations (motifs) in Middle Ages Islamic pottery
Islamic art inherits the ancient tradition of illustration and motif, which was developed under the religious teachings of Islam. The desire for happiness and blessing in the form of written expressions and word repetition observed on the pottery surfaces of the Islamic period, is part of this legacy. The study of Elamite inscriptions as one of the oldest civilizations in the world, shows that the concept of blessing and abundance is one of the important themes of these writings, which is especially illustrated in scenes dedicated to Elamite works. In Elamite art and on Islamic pottery, inscription is associated with the concept of blessing and benevolence, which are placed next to pictorial symbols. In the pottery of the Islamic period, the text is decorated with an abstract plant symbol. The concept of blessing and fertility can be considered as one of the main aspects of human thought. Blessing and fertility is directly linked with human life. Thus, it can be represented as text and image on artwork. The present study seeks to discover how the concept of blessing and fertility appeared in ancient Iranian art, particularly in the Elamite civilization, and how this concept is represented in the pottery of the Islamic period. The purpose of the research is to explain the philosophical concept of blessing in Iranian art and to identify symbolic characters on Iranian-Islamic pottery. This research aimed at comparing the methods of expressing blessing in the oldest Iranian arts with symbolic examples in the pottery art of the Middle Ages of the Islamic period. The type of research is fundamental with respect to the purpose of the study. The research method was descriptive - analytical and data collecting is via library study by taking notes and image. The data analysis is qualitative. The findings indicated that concept of blessing emerged not only in written texts and inscriptions on seals and containers, but also in the form of animal visual symbols such as birds, fish, plant symbols such as the tree of life, and abstract symbols such as zigzag lines, circles and spirals, stars, and divine symbol. Written inscriptions revealed the concept of blessing, felicity and prosperity in the form of prayer decorated the Islamic pottery in Middle Ages. The same pictorial signs symbolizing blessing in Elamite art are also depicted on pottery next to the word blessing.
The concept of blessing and fertility is one of the main aspects of human thinking. Blessing and fertility is linked with human life. Thus, it can be represented as text and image on works of art. This study seeks to answer the question. What is blessing and fertility symbol in ancient Iranian art, especially in the Elamite civilization and aspects of this concept in Islamic pottery. The main hypothesis is the emergence of the concept of blessing and fertility symbol for inscription, As well as icons in Elamite art and culture, its continuity in the Islamic pottery especially the works of Nishapur . The reserch method was descriptive - analytical and data collecting is via library study by taking notes and image. Thte analysis of data is qualitative. Based on research findings, blessing have appeared In the Elamite writing of art on stamps and with animal symbols such as bird, fish and plant motifs, the tree of life, and abstract symbols, such as zigzag lines, circles and spirals, stars and divine symbol. Written inscriptions with concept of blessing, good luck and prosperity for prayer,decorated the Islamic pottery.
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