Nafkh

The Holy Qur’an refers to numerous signs and events pertaining to the afterlife, particularly the Day of Resurrection. One such reference occurs in verse 8 of Sura al-Muddaththir : " Fa Idhā Nuqira fī al-Nāqūr " (So when the trumpet is sounded). Since the expression " Nuqira fī al-Nāqūr " appears exclusively in this verse as a sign of the establishment of the Resurrection, exegetes have differed regarding its meaning and referent. Most commentators interpret " Nuqira " as " Nafkh " (meaning blowing or sounding) and " Nāqūr " as " Ṣūr " (meaning the trumpet or the horn). However, some have suggested that " Nāqūr " refers to the human heart, soul, body, or even the book of deeds. Certain narrative Shia exegetes, relying on Shia traditions, have interpreted this verse as alluding to the time of the advent of the Mahdī (AJ), considering " Nāqūr " to be the blessed heart or ear of the Imam. This article, employing a descriptive-analytical method and examining the relevant opinions and traditions in the exegetical works of both Sunni and Shia scholars, clarifies the meanings of "Nuqira " and " Nāqūr ." The study accepts the primary view and regards alternative interpretations as inconsistent with internal and external evidence, arguing that Shia traditions (assuming their authenticity) should be understood as interpretation ( Ta’wīl ) or exegesis ( tafsīr bil Bāṭin ), in the sense of " Jary wa Taṭbīq " (application and adaptation).