Jacques Berque

Surah At-Tawbah has a variety of subjects and apparently is fragmentary and irregular; but based on the dimension of the situation, which is the same sociological issues and culture of the era of the revelation of the surah; it is understandable and has a coherent meaning with a clear language. Based on the dimension of the situation, it is possible to understand the ignorant styles such as arrogance, breaking the covenant and shifting the forbidden months by the polytheists that result in the revelation of the first part of verses 1 to 38 of this surah, which introduce this culture and its ugliness. For this reason, God and the Prophet (PBUH) acquit this culture. Consequently, it is the duty of Muslims and the Islamic community to seek the acquittal of the polytheists by following the duality (Tawḥīd, Nubuwwah) and not to approach the polytheists under the pretext of kinship. The second part of Surah (120-139) refers to the constant covenant-breaking of the hypocrites and the problems they caused to the Prophet (PBUH) and the Islamic community. Then, in contrast to the ignorant style, by introducing the religious style and its values, God asks the hypocrites and those who have sick hearts to adhere to the style brought by the monotheistic system by the Prophet in order to prepare their guiding grounds for reaching the Hereafter system. Based on the above explanations, the author has studied the role of situation in eliminating the dispersion and semantics of the surah and its relationship with the trinity (Tawḥīd, Nubuwwah and Ma’ād) with a descriptive-analytical method. Among the most important results that this research has achieved is that: The situation in Jacques Berque's order causes the audience to frame the various topics of the verses of the surah and finally to have a coherent mentality towards them and to achieve a deeper understanding.

Le Noble Coran, le livre sacré des musulmans, est révélé en langue arabe, mais il comprend le message divin pour toute l’humanité; et pour apporter ce message aux hommes, il faut le traduire en différentes langues. On remarque plusieurs interprétations concernant la "la Résurrection" dans ce livre sacré, à cause de la complicité de sa structure et de son vocabulaire polysémique. Alors, il est nécessaire de connaître l’origine de ce terme Coranique pour trouver leur équivalent exact en français. Dans ce travail de recherche, en recourant à la méthode herméneutique concentrée sur les réflexions de l'Ayatollah Jafar Sobhani, nous tentons à dégager les difficultés et impasses de la traduction du terme "la Résurrection" à travers la traduction de la sourate " Al-Waqiah " faite par Jacques Berque. Pour arriver à ce but, nous allons suivre les 14 principes pour l’interprétation correcte du Coran selon Sobhani. Nous discutons sur la traduisibilité des expressions et des termes Coraniques et la transmission de la signification correcte de ces éléments en français. Les résultats montrent que dans la majorité des cas, Berque a bien transmis en français les termes exprimant «la Résurrection» et il semble qu'il ait essayé de transmettre le sens général des versets en français, mais n'a pas été en mesure de rendre les nuances sémantiques subtiles.