مریم ولی پور

Objective: This study was conducted on the causal modeling of psychological well-being based on psychosocial development, and temperament and character patterns mediated by belief system in female adolescents. Methods: The present study was a correlational research with structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of all female students (12-18 years old) in year 2021-2022 in Urmia city. Data were collected through Ryff’s PWB scale, Hawley’s psychosocial development questionnaire, Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and Holland’s system of belief inventory. To analyze data, PLS software was used.   Results: The results confirmed the positive effect of temperament and character patterns on psychological well-being. In addition, it was confirmed that the relationship between psychological well-being and temperament and character patterns was mediated by belief system while such mediatory role was not confirmed in the relationship between psychosocial development and psychological well-being. Conclusion: According to the results, psychosocial development, temperament and character patterns, and belief system play a role in the psychological well-being of female adolescents

In the present study attempts were made to compare the personality traits of parents of children with externalizing behavioral disorders and the normal group of  students. The research falls within the category of causal-comparative studies. 110 elementary school students (male and female) in Tabriz were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Neo personality inventory-revised (shortened version) was used to assess parents 'personality traits, and Achenbach Diagnostic Scale (Parents' Report Form) was used to collect real data and diagnose children's externalizing disorders. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) within the framework of SPSS-20 software. The results of this study indicate that children's behaviors arise from the behavioral and personality reactions of adults. The results indicate that there is a correlation between externalizing behavioral disorders of children and parents with high scores on neuroticism and extraversion. High flexibility, agreeableness and conscientiousness of parents were found to  not affect children's externalizing disorders.