تحلیل عوامل کلیدی مؤثر در کاربرد توسعه حمل ونقل محور در مدیریت کلان شهر تبریز (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
سیستم های حمل ونقل نقش عمده ای در حیات اقتصادی کشورها و نیز زندگی روزمره شهروندان ایفا می کنند. موضوع حمل ونقل و ترافیک جدای از موضوعات تخصصی شهری، امروزه به عنوان پدیده ای اجتماعی - سیاسی و مسئله شهری، نقش بسیار حساس و مهمی در کیفیت و ساختار اجتماعی - اقتصادی یک جامعه ایفا می نماید. در این رابطه، هدف مدیریت شهری اطمینان از این امر است که امکان کارکردهای روزانه یک شهر را فراهم آورد و این امر موجب تسهیل و تشویق همه انواع فعالیت های اقتصادی شده و ساکنان را به برآوردن نیازهای اولیه خود در مسکن، دسترسی به تسهیلات و خدمات و فرصت های تولید درآمد قادر می سازد. هدف پژوهش حاضر نیز تحلیل عوامل کلیدی مؤثر در کاربرد توسعه حمل ونقل محور در مدیریت کلان شهر تبریز می باشد. داده های تحقیق با دو روش کتابخانه ای و پیمایشی گردآوری گردیده و 35 نفر از کارشناسان مرتبط با حمل ونقل به صورت هدفمند انتخاب شد. جهت تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها از تکنیک پویش محیطی و دلفی جهت استخراج عوامل اولیه مؤثر بر روند توسعه حمل ونقل محور در مدیریت شهر تبریز، از نرم افزار میک مک، جهت شناسایی عوامل کلیدی مؤثر استفاده شد. یافته های پژوهش نشان داده که از میان 42 عامل اولیه، درنهایت 11 عامل ازجمله مدیریت تقاضای حمل ونقل، ساخت فشرده شهری، مدیریت ترافیک، زیرساخت های حمل ونقل، جایگاه وسایل نقلیه در فرهنگ عمومی مردم، فرهنگ سازی و آموزش، مدیریت شبکه حمل ونقل، پوشش جغرافیای کامل و دسترسی پذیری برای همه ساکنین شهری، هزینه حمل ونقل، آلودگی صوتی و زیست محیطی، میزان حمایت دولت از بخش خصوصی به عنوان عوامل کلیدی انتخاب شده اند.Analysis of Key Factors Affecting the Application of Transport-Oriented Development in the Management of the Tabriz Metropolis
Transportation systems play a major role in countries' economic life and citizens' daily lives. The issue of transport and traffic, apart from urban specialized issues, today, as a socio-political phenomenon and urban issue, plays a very sensitive and important role in a society's quality and socio-economic structure. In this regard, the goal of urban management is to ensure that it enables the daily functions of a city, which facilitates and encourages all types of economic activities and enables residents to meet their basic needs in housing, access to facilities and services, and income generation opportunities. The present study aims to analyze the key factors affecting the application of transport-oriented development in the management of the Tabriz metropolis. The research data was collected using two methods: library and survey, and 35 experts related to transport were selected purposefully. To analyze the data, environmental scanning, and Delphi techniques were used to extract the primary factors affecting the transportation-oriented development process in the management of the city of Tabriz, and the MicMac software was used to identify the key factors. The research findings showed that out of 42 initial factors, 11 factors were ultimately selected as key factors, including transportation demand management, compact urban construction, traffic management, transportation infrastructure, the place of vehicles in the general culture of the people, culture building and education, transportation network management, complete geographical coverage and accessibility for all urban residents, transportation costs, noise, and environmental pollution, and the level of government support for the private sector.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
The public transportation-based development model is one of the metropolitan development models that focuses on public transportation. Today, this approach is used in many metropolises around the world. This research seeks to use the framework of the public transportation-based corridor model, using a descriptive-analytical method, to increase sustainability and create a human-friendly environment, increase accessibility, strengthen public transportation options, and reduce environmental challenges in the center of Tabriz. Meanwhile, the Tabriz metropolis, one of the country's most populous centers, faces numerous issues and problems caused by inefficient transportation and needs urban transportation development solutions. This study aims to provide solutions for sustainable transportation-based development in the Tabriz metropolis and prioritize them. To achieve this goal, it seeks to answer the following question:
-What are the effective factors in transportation-based development in the urban management structure of Tabriz metropolises?
Methodology
The present study is applied-theoretical in terms of its purpose, analytical and exploratory, and has been conducted using a combination of quantitative and qualitative models. In order to collect the information required for this study, two methods, library documentation, and survey, are used simultaneously. The library-documentary method was used to collect information related to theoretical foundations, and the field method was used to collect the required data using a questionnaire and the Delphi technique. The study's statistical population is 35 senior managers and experts from various departments, faculty, and university students who were selected through purposeful non-probability sampling. In this study, 42 factors affecting transportation in the urban management of the Tabriz metropolis were identified using environmental scanning and Delphi methods, then by forming a matrix; the extent of the impact of these factors on each other and the system's future state was measured by experts. In the next stage, using the cross-effects analysis method in the MicMac software, relevant analyses were conducted, and key factors affecting the system's future state were extracted.
Results and discussion
In this research, in order to achieve a desirable future in the field of transportation-oriented development (TOD) in the management of the Tabriz metropolis, the influential factors in this field were first identified. At this stage, the environmental scanning method was used to identify the influential factors. Then, all the factors were provided to urban elites and experts in the form of a questionnaire using the Delphi method, and they were asked to determine the importance of each variable to determine the final variables for analysis. In addition to the existing variables, they were also asked to add their desired variables to the list. After reviewing the answers given by the experts, 42 variables were finally identified in 5 dimensions: economic, physical infrastructure, social, environmental, and technology and management. After collecting the factors affecting transportation-oriented development (TOD) in Tabriz metropolitan management, the MicMac software was used to identify key factors. The research findings showed that out of 42 initial factors, 11 factors were ultimately selected as key factors, including transportation demand management, compact urban construction, traffic management, transportation infrastructure, the place of vehicles in the general culture of the people, culture and education, transportation network management, complete geographical coverage and accessibility for all urban residents, transportation costs, noise, and environmental pollution, and the level of government support for the private sector.
Conclusion
Among the factors that play a decisive role in developing transportation-oriented (TOD) transportation management in the Tabriz metropolis are traffic management and transportation demand management (travel). Considering that traffic problems are one of the many problems of cities and increase with the development of the city. Trips must be managed so that unnecessary trips are prevented first, and second, the facilities provided are used optimally. Two other important factors that play a large role in the development of transportation-oriented (TOD) in the management of the Tabriz metropolis are the place of vehicles in the general culture of the people and culture and education. One of the main reasons for choosing these factors is the undeniable relationship between the culture of the society and the amount of use of public transportation, which has made culture in the field of transportation a necessity to expand the use of public transportation. Complete geographical coverage and accessibility for all urban residents are key factors in developing public transportation in the Tabriz metropolis. Accessibility and quality of public transportation, considering the existing mobility network in some residential areas, especially in the worn-out urban areas, bus lines, and other public vehicles are not seen within these areas. Other selected factors are noise and environmental pollution at the metropolitan level. Today, in major world countries, noise pollution is considered a major environmental pollutant along with other pollutants. Due to the increasing population, the progress of various industries, and the increase in noise-generating sources in recent years, the effects of noise pollution on people have increased. Finally, the last key factor in the development of public transportation is the management of the transportation network. Today, passenger transportation and intracity travel are some of the most important issues in urban management, which requires careful and calculated planning, given the increasing population in urban areas, technological development, and concerns about smooth traffic flow and solving traffic problems.
Funding
There is no funding support.
Authors’ Contribution
Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.
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