توسعه کالبدی شهری بر اساس عدالت فضایی (مورد مطالعه: شهر یاسوج) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
در دهه های اخیر، نابرابری های اجتماعی- اقتصادی به طور فزاینده ای در شهرها آشکار شده اند. در نتیجه هجوم مهاجران، سرمایه گذاری های انجام شده و توسعه زیرساخت های شهری، بعضی از شهرها و یا مناطقی از آنها در حال شکوفایی هستند؛ اما تعداد زیادی از شهرها و مناطق به طور فزاینده ای، رها شده اند. نابرابری های رو به افزایش منجر به شکاف رو به رشدی بین محله های غنی و فقیر شده است. ازاین رو هدف از انجام این پژوهش، تبیین عوامل مؤثر در توسعه کالبدی- فضایی شهر یاسوج بر اساس چارچوب نظری عدالت فضایی است. به منظور دستیابی به این هدف با توجه به رویکرد کمی، و استراتژی پیمایشی و ابزار پرسشنامه از میان شهروندان شهر یاسوج بعنوان جامعه آماری تعداد ۳۸۴ نفر حجم نمونه، به روش کوکران انتخاب شده اند. در نهایت با توجه به سیستم معادلات ساختاری به روش حداقل مربعات جزئی، تجزیه و تحلیل نهایی انجام شد. نتایج گویای اهمیت چهار شاخص اجتماعی (با ضریب اثر ۳۵۵/۰)، اقتصادی (با ضریب اثر ۳۴۲/۰)، کالبدی (با ضریب اثر ۴۹۱/۰) و مدیریتی (با ضریب اثر ۱۷۶/۰) در توسعه شهر یاسوج است. در این بررسی مشخص شده است که کمترین اثرگذاری در شاخص های توسعه انسانی و مدیریتی و بیشترین نگاه به سمت برقراری توازن کالبدی و اقتصادی- اجتماعی بوده است. بنابراین نتیجه گیری کلی این است که مسیر توسعه در شهر یاسوج، مسیری معکوس در نظریه های توسعه شهری کشورهای توسعه یافته است. بدین معنا که سیستم های مدیریتی و فکری و انسانی در اغلب کشورهای توسعه یافته بعنوان قلب نظام برنامه ریزی شهری محسوب می شود و ابعاد کالبدی و فیزیکی که در تناسب با دیدگاه جبر محیطی به شهر است، کمتر مورد توجه بوده است.Urban Physical Development based on Spatial Justice (Case study: Yasuj city)
Background and purposeThe city of Yasouj has experienced remarkable growth and development in recent decades, because a huge wave of villagers and residents of neighboring cities have migrated to this city to benefit from these services and facilities, and this has led to the development and expansion of the city of Yasouj more than ever before. It has happened that this city has not been able to respond to this rapid growth in terms of service, administrative, religious, economic, commercial, etc. functions and has caused an increase in spatial-social separation between urban areas. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to evaluate the effective factors in the physical-spatial development process of Yasouj city based on the theoretical framework of spatial justice. The difference between the present research and the previous research is that this research combines different analytical methods and uses up-to-date and diverse sources. , is trying to achieve a deeper understanding of the factors affecting urban physical-spatial development and spatial justice and provide practical and targeted solutions to improve the state of spatial justice in Yasouj city.MethodologyThe current study, with emphasis on quantitative, research strategy, tries to evaluate the factors in the development of Yasouj city. For this purpose, data has been collected using a Likert-made questionnaire. In order to estimate the validity of the questionnaire, experts (university professors) were used and the reliability of the study was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha of 0.89. The statistical population of this research includes all the citizens of Yasouj, who were asked randomly. The dependent variable in this research is the physical-spatial development of Yasouj city with the approach of spatial justice, and the independent variables include economic, social, physical-environmental, managerial-institutional dimensions. In order to check and prove the research hypotheses, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used by PLS3 software. The structural equation model identifies the internal relationships between variables and analyzes the effect of one variable on other variables. Its different stages include these steps: 1) interpretive structural modeling, 2) model evaluation and fitting, 3) structural model fitting and 4) general model fitting.Findings and discussionThe results show the importance of four social indicators (with an effect coefficient of 0/355), economic (with an effect coefficient of 0/342), physical (with an effect coefficient of 0/491) and management (with an effect coefficient of 0/176) in the development of Yasouj city. In this survey, it has been determined that the least impact was on human development and management indicators, and the most emphasis was on establishing physical and socio-economic balance. Therefore, in the general conclusion, it should be stated that the development path in Yasouj city is a reverse path in the urban development theories of developed countries. This means that management, intellectual and human systems are considered as the heart of the urban planning system in most of the developed countries, and the physical and physical dimensions that are in accordance with the algebraic view of the city are less worthy of attention.ConclusionThe requirement to achieve spatial justice in the city is to consider environmental-physical, social and economic dimensions, but Yasouj city in terms of diversity and urban vitality and spatial access, such as access and occupation of spaces, land use, access to urban services, the existence of urban facilities, Their fair distribution in the urban space and easy access of citizens is facing serious problems.
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