تحلیل چگونگی شکل گیری فساد شبکه ای درحوزه باغات کلان شهر تهران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
شواهد مختلفی نشان دهنده تخریب گسترده باغات کلان شهر تهران در دهه های گذشته تاکنون است. ورود به این مسئله، از زوایای گوناگونی نظیر فنّی-تخصصی، نهادی، اداری-اجرایی و اقتصادی-سیاسی امکان پذیر است. بااین حال، این پژوهش با تمرکز بر موضوع چگونگی شکل گیری و سازِکار فساد در نوع شبکه ای آن درحوزه باغات کلان شهر تهران تلاش کرده تا در فرایندی اکتشافی به سه سطحِ زمینه های شکل گیری فساد شبکه ای، ساختار فساد شبکه ای و سازِکار اعمال قدرت و توزیع منافع آن بپردازد. روش شناسی مقاله حاضر کیفی و مبتنی بر نظریه زمینه ای ساخت گرا بوده و با روش های انتخاب هدفمند و گلوله برفی با 20 نفر افراد مطلع، مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته و عمیق صورت گرفته است. براساس نتایج حاصل، زمینه های شکل گیری قانونی، سازمانی-اداری و اقتصادی فساد شناسایی شده و در ادامه ساختار فساد شبکه ای در دو نوع شبکه های شناخته شده و رسمیت یافته در برابر شبکه های ناشناخته و رسمیت نیافته با مدل های ذیل آن ها تبیین شده است. در بخش دیگر نیز، سازِکارهای اعمال قدرت و توزیع منافع آن در قالب دوگانه جبران های آنی و آتی بحث و بررسی شده است. چه در امر پیشگیری و چه مقابله با فساد شبکه ای درحوزه های گوناگون سیاستی، کشف و تبیین عوامل و فرایندهای سه سطح مذکور حیاتی به نظر می رسد.Analysis of the formation of networked corruption in the gardens of Tehran metropolis
Nowadays, discussion about corruption at the network level across various policy domains are common, whether in the scientific-specialist debates or in the political and social ones. This research focuses on the issue of the formation and mechanism of networked corruption in the gardens of Tehran metropolis. It addresses three levels of the formation of network corruption, the structure of network corruption, and the mechanism of exercising power and distributing its benefits in an exploratory process. The methodology of the current article is qualitative and based on the constructive grounded theory. Accordingly, semi-structured and in-depth interview were conducted with 20 people from the five main groups related to the current research. Based on the results, the fields of legal, organizational-administrative and economic formation have been identified. Then, the structure of network corruption has been explained in two major categories of known and recognized networks against unknown and unrecognized networks with their following models. This study also discusses and investigates the mechanisms of exercising power and distributing its benefits in these networks. Whether through prevention or dealing with network corruption in various policy areas, it seems vital to discover and explain the factors and processes of the three levels mentioned. It seems that one of the most effective ways to prevent and deal with complex organized corruption that has taken the form of a network is a deep understanding of the processes, mechanisms, relationships and how decisions are implemented among network members. Therefore, this research has focused on three basic issues in network corruptions formed in the gardens of Tehran metropolis. Although various other fields can be mentioned in the formation of network corruption, including institutional, ethical, sociological and psychological dimensions, this research paid more attention to the issue of corruption in gardens rather than the administrative-organizational aspect, while also considering other legal and economic aspects. One of the main contributions of this research is the separation of the types of network corruption into two types: known and formalized networks versus unknown and informal networks and the types of models under it. This separation is reflected in the form of tight and loose relationships between members. Based on this duality, a variety of models of exercising power and distributing benefits among network members were identified, which can be classified in the dual form of immediate and future compensations. One of the topics that needs further exploration is the way of formation and especially the types of network corruption in other urban areas, and the examination of commonalities and differences compared to the findings of this research. As more studies and cumulative findings are conducted on this specific and complex multi-stakeholder phenomenon, there is hope for the development of policies that effectively address it. This would enable more informed decision-making and implementation within different policy-making processes.
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