خطاب زکریا ومریم فی القرآن فی سورتی مریم وآل عمران (دراسه أسلوبیه) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
الأسلوبیه منهج نقدی یتناول الظواهر اللغویه والأدبیه للنصوص وطریقه الصیاغه والتعبیر للکشف عن الجوانب الدلالیه والجمالیه والنفسیه فیها. تتمیّز الأسلوبیه بإلقاء الضوء علی نوعیه توظیف العناصر اللغویه والأدبیه والکشف عن المؤثرات البارزه التی استعملها الکاتب. تتناول المقاله دراسه الخطابین القرآنیین لزکریا النبی والسیده مریم علیهما السلام من خلال الآیات الکریمه فی سورتی آل عمران و مریم التی تتحدث عن الولاده الإعجازیه، وفق المنهج الوصفی – التحلیلی. نبدأ البحث بتعریف المصطلحات ثم نقوم بدراسه الخطابین علی المستوی الصوتی، والترکیبی، والدلالی و نعالجهما من ناحیه التطابق والاختلاف بینهما فی الموضوع والأسلوب وما أدی إلی الاختلاف اللغوی والفنی بینهما، لیتبیّن من خلال ذلک نوع الأسلوب والتراکیب والمفردات التی تنقل موقفهما وأفکارهما وردود أفعالهما تجاه الولاده الإعجازیه. تعالج الباحثه المستویات الصوتیه للخطابین بما یتمثّل فیهما مِن دور شعوری وإیحائیّ لجرس الأصوات، ثمّ المستویات المعجمیه والتّرکیبیه والدلالیه، لِتفصح عن المفارقه بین دلاله البنیه السطحیه الظاهره، ودلاله البنیه العمیقه لهما، للوصول عن طریقها إلی الخصائص الفنیه للخطابین والکشف عن المعنی الغائب فیهما، وتحدید أن اختلاف الموقع والجنس بین صاحبی الخطابین یکون مؤثرًا فی تمیّزهما أو تفوّق أحدهما علی الآخر من الناحیه اللغویه والترکیبیه والدّلالیه. ومن نتائج البحث فی المستوی الصوتی أنّه یخلق أصوات المد مع تکرارها فی الخطابین نوعاً من التّرابط الصوتی والإیقاع اللطیف الذی یزید الرّقّه فی الکلام، ما یناسب حاله الدعاء الذی جری علی لسان کلّ منهما، وفی المستوی الترکیبی فیما یتعلّق بخطاب السیده مریم، یتم اختیار الألفاظ مناسبا لِحالها حال متبرئ من إنجاب الولد ولِفزعها وتمنّیها الموت، وتُستخدم عبارات ناعمه ذات النغمه المصحوبه بنوع من الشعور بالخجل، لِدفع الافتراء الذی تعرّضها من جانب قومها، وفی خطاب زکریا یتمّ اختیار الألفاظ والتراکیب مناسباً لحاله فی سیاق الشکوی من الضعف والشّیب، مستخدماً بنیه الدّعاء فی تراکیبه مرّات متعدده، مناسباً لحاله وهو راغب فی إنجاب الولد.Stylistics of Maryam and Zacharias speeches in Quran
Stylistics is one of the literary criticism methods for studying literary and linguistic phenomena to evaluate the aesthetic, semantic and psychological aspects of the text. This article has selected two Quranic dialogues by Zakaria and Maryam to characterize their stylistic aspects at the level of sound, music, words, phrases and meaning. The difference between superficial meanings of phrases and their deep, hidden meanings are determined, to check if the gender difference had linguistic and semantic influences on the speeches. The results indicate that, at the phonetic level, the two conversations use loud vowels repeatedly to create a kind of subtle phonetic connection. On syntactic and synthetic levels, in Maryam's conversation, the words are selected in a way to amplify peace of mind and reassurance, while avoiding false slander and impairing her modesty. She uses apologetic phrases accompanied by a kind of shame to absolve herself of the accusation. Regarding Zakaria's conversation, it can be said that words and phrases appropriate to his weakness and old age and complaining about not having a child are used in the form of prayer. In general, the sound of words and words and phrases used in these two conversations provide an accurate picture of the personality, moral and emotional characteristics of the two characters Key Words: Stylistics, structure, semantics, Zakaria, Maryam Stylistics, as a discipline, delves into the analysis and interpretation of various textual works, drawing from the rich domains of linguistics and literature. With a critical lens, it seeks to unravel the intricate phenomena woven into these texts, exploring the complex interplay between form and meaning. By meticulously scrutinizing the methods of formulation and expression employed by authors, stylistics aims to unveil the underlying semantic, aesthetic, and psychological dimensions that shape the text's impact on the reader. At its core, stylistics recognizes the power of language and literary devices in conveying a writer's intended message and evoking a desired response. It goes beyond mere comprehension of the content and structure of a text and delves into the artful utilization of linguistic and literary elements. By closely examining the choices made in terms of word selection, sentence structure, figurative language, and rhetorical devices, stylistics sheds light on the deliberate craftsmanship employed by writers to create engaging and impactful works of literature. One of the defining characteristics of stylistics is its ability to uncover the prominent influences that shape a writer's creative process. It investigates the cultural, historical, and social factors that influence the choices made by authors, offering insights into the broader context in which the text was produced. Whether it be the influence of a specific literary movement, the impact of social norms and values, or the author's personal experiences, stylistics unveils the layers of inspiration that contribute to the formation of literary masterpieces. The present study embarks on a captivating exploration of two profound Quranic discourses attributed to the esteemed figures of Zakariya the Prophet and Mrs. Maryam (peace be upon them). These remarkable discourses are found within the noble verses of Surat Al-Imran and Surat Maryam, immersing readers in accounts of miraculous births. Adopting a descriptive-analytical approach, our research aims to establish clear and concise definitions of the terminologies central to our study. With this foundation, we delve into a comprehensive analysis of these discourses, meticulously examining their phonetic, syntactic, and semantic dimensions. Our ultimate goal is to unravel the congruence and divergence between the discourses in terms of subject matter and style. Additionally, we aim to identify the linguistic and artistic factors that contribute to these discernible distinctions. Through this meticulous analysis, we seek to unear
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